diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
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--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
[](https://gitter.im/airbnb/javascript?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge)
Other Style Guides
- - [ES5](es5/)
+ - [ES5 (Deprecated)](https://github.com/airbnb/javascript/tree/es5-deprecated/es5)
- [React](react/)
- [CSS & Sass](https://github.com/airbnb/css)
- [Ruby](https://github.com/airbnb/ruby)
diff --git a/es5/README.md b/es5/README.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 4dcbac061b..0000000000
--- a/es5/README.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1753 +0,0 @@
-[](https://gitter.im/airbnb/javascript?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge)
-
-# Airbnb JavaScript Style Guide() {
-
-*A mostly reasonable approach to JavaScript*
-
-
-## Table of Contents
-
- 1. [Types](#types)
- 1. [Objects](#objects)
- 1. [Arrays](#arrays)
- 1. [Strings](#strings)
- 1. [Functions](#functions)
- 1. [Properties](#properties)
- 1. [Variables](#variables)
- 1. [Hoisting](#hoisting)
- 1. [Comparison Operators & Equality](#comparison-operators--equality)
- 1. [Blocks](#blocks)
- 1. [Comments](#comments)
- 1. [Whitespace](#whitespace)
- 1. [Commas](#commas)
- 1. [Semicolons](#semicolons)
- 1. [Type Casting & Coercion](#type-casting--coercion)
- 1. [Naming Conventions](#naming-conventions)
- 1. [Accessors](#accessors)
- 1. [Constructors](#constructors)
- 1. [Events](#events)
- 1. [Modules](#modules)
- 1. [jQuery](#jquery)
- 1. [ECMAScript 5 Compatibility](#ecmascript-5-compatibility)
- 1. [Testing](#testing)
- 1. [Performance](#performance)
- 1. [Resources](#resources)
- 1. [In the Wild](#in-the-wild)
- 1. [Translation](#translation)
- 1. [The JavaScript Style Guide Guide](#the-javascript-style-guide-guide)
- 1. [Chat With Us About Javascript](#chat-with-us-about-javascript)
- 1. [Contributors](#contributors)
- 1. [License](#license)
-
-## Types
-
- - **Primitives**: When you access a primitive type you work directly on its value.
-
- + `string`
- + `number`
- + `boolean`
- + `null`
- + `undefined`
-
- ```javascript
- var foo = 1;
- var bar = foo;
-
- bar = 9;
-
- console.log(foo, bar); // => 1, 9
- ```
- - **Complex**: When you access a complex type you work on a reference to its value.
-
- + `object`
- + `array`
- + `function`
-
- ```javascript
- var foo = [1, 2];
- var bar = foo;
-
- bar[0] = 9;
-
- console.log(foo[0], bar[0]); // => 9, 9
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-## Objects
-
- - Use the literal syntax for object creation.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var item = new Object();
-
- // good
- var item = {};
- ```
-
- - Don't use [reserved words](http://es5.github.io/#x7.6.1) as keys. It won't work in IE8. [More info](https://github.com/airbnb/javascript/issues/61).
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var superman = {
- default: { clark: 'kent' },
- private: true
- };
-
- // good
- var superman = {
- defaults: { clark: 'kent' },
- hidden: true
- };
- ```
-
- - Use readable synonyms in place of reserved words.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var superman = {
- class: 'alien'
- };
-
- // bad
- var superman = {
- klass: 'alien'
- };
-
- // good
- var superman = {
- type: 'alien'
- };
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-## Arrays
-
- - Use the literal syntax for array creation.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var items = new Array();
-
- // good
- var items = [];
- ```
-
- - Use Array#push instead of direct assignment to add items to an array.
-
- ```javascript
- var someStack = [];
-
-
- // bad
- someStack[someStack.length] = 'abracadabra';
-
- // good
- someStack.push('abracadabra');
- ```
-
- - When you need to copy an array use Array#slice. [jsPerf](http://jsperf.com/converting-arguments-to-an-array/7)
-
- ```javascript
- var len = items.length;
- var itemsCopy = [];
- var i;
-
- // bad
- for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
- itemsCopy[i] = items[i];
- }
-
- // good
- itemsCopy = items.slice();
- ```
-
- - To convert an array-like object to an array, use Array#slice.
-
- ```javascript
- function trigger() {
- var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
- ...
- }
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Strings
-
- - Use single quotes `''` for strings.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var name = "Bob Parr";
-
- // good
- var name = 'Bob Parr';
-
- // bad
- var fullName = "Bob " + this.lastName;
-
- // good
- var fullName = 'Bob ' + this.lastName;
- ```
-
- - Strings longer than 100 characters should be written across multiple lines using string concatenation.
- - Note: If overused, long strings with concatenation could impact performance. [jsPerf](http://jsperf.com/ya-string-concat) & [Discussion](https://github.com/airbnb/javascript/issues/40).
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var errorMessage = 'This is a super long error that was thrown because of Batman. When you stop to think about how Batman had anything to do with this, you would get nowhere fast.';
-
- // bad
- var errorMessage = 'This is a super long error that was thrown because \
- of Batman. When you stop to think about how Batman had anything to do \
- with this, you would get nowhere \
- fast.';
-
- // good
- var errorMessage = 'This is a super long error that was thrown because ' +
- 'of Batman. When you stop to think about how Batman had anything to do ' +
- 'with this, you would get nowhere fast.';
- ```
-
- - When programmatically building up a string, use Array#join instead of string concatenation. Mostly for IE: [jsPerf](http://jsperf.com/string-vs-array-concat/2).
-
- ```javascript
- var items;
- var messages;
- var length;
- var i;
-
- messages = [{
- state: 'success',
- message: 'This one worked.'
- }, {
- state: 'success',
- message: 'This one worked as well.'
- }, {
- state: 'error',
- message: 'This one did not work.'
- }];
-
- length = messages.length;
-
- // bad
- function inbox(messages) {
- items = '';
-
- for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
- items += '- ' + messages[i].message + '
';
- }
-
- return items + '
';
- }
-
- // good
- function inbox(messages) {
- items = [];
-
- for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
- // use direct assignment in this case because we're micro-optimizing.
- items[i] = '' + messages[i].message + '';
- }
-
- return '';
- }
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Functions
-
- - Function expressions:
-
- ```javascript
- // anonymous function expression
- var anonymous = function () {
- return true;
- };
-
- // named function expression
- var named = function named() {
- return true;
- };
-
- // immediately-invoked function expression (IIFE)
- (function () {
- console.log('Welcome to the Internet. Please follow me.');
- }());
- ```
-
- - Never declare a function in a non-function block (if, while, etc). Assign the function to a variable instead. Browsers will allow you to do it, but they all interpret it differently, which is bad news bears.
- - **Note:** ECMA-262 defines a `block` as a list of statements. A function declaration is not a statement. [Read ECMA-262's note on this issue](http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-262.pdf#page=97).
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- if (currentUser) {
- function test() {
- console.log('Nope.');
- }
- }
-
- // good
- var test;
- if (currentUser) {
- test = function test() {
- console.log('Yup.');
- };
- }
- ```
-
- - Never name a parameter `arguments`. This will take precedence over the `arguments` object that is given to every function scope.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- function nope(name, options, arguments) {
- // ...stuff...
- }
-
- // good
- function yup(name, options, args) {
- // ...stuff...
- }
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-
-## Properties
-
- - Use dot notation when accessing properties.
-
- ```javascript
- var luke = {
- jedi: true,
- age: 28
- };
-
- // bad
- var isJedi = luke['jedi'];
-
- // good
- var isJedi = luke.jedi;
- ```
-
- - Use subscript notation `[]` when accessing properties with a variable.
-
- ```javascript
- var luke = {
- jedi: true,
- age: 28
- };
-
- function getProp(prop) {
- return luke[prop];
- }
-
- var isJedi = getProp('jedi');
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Variables
-
- - Always use `var` to declare variables. Not doing so will result in global variables. We want to avoid polluting the global namespace. Captain Planet warned us of that.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- superPower = new SuperPower();
-
- // good
- var superPower = new SuperPower();
- ```
-
- - Use one `var` declaration per variable.
- It's easier to add new variable declarations this way, and you never have
- to worry about swapping out a `;` for a `,` or introducing punctuation-only
- diffs.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var items = getItems(),
- goSportsTeam = true,
- dragonball = 'z';
-
- // bad
- // (compare to above, and try to spot the mistake)
- var items = getItems(),
- goSportsTeam = true;
- dragonball = 'z';
-
- // good
- var items = getItems();
- var goSportsTeam = true;
- var dragonball = 'z';
- ```
-
- - Declare unassigned variables last. This is helpful when later on you might need to assign a variable depending on one of the previous assigned variables.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var i, len, dragonball,
- items = getItems(),
- goSportsTeam = true;
-
- // bad
- var i;
- var items = getItems();
- var dragonball;
- var goSportsTeam = true;
- var len;
-
- // good
- var items = getItems();
- var goSportsTeam = true;
- var dragonball;
- var length;
- var i;
- ```
-
- - Assign variables at the top of their scope. This helps avoid issues with variable declaration and assignment hoisting related issues.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- function () {
- test();
- console.log('doing stuff..');
-
- //..other stuff..
-
- var name = getName();
-
- if (name === 'test') {
- return false;
- }
-
- return name;
- }
-
- // good
- function () {
- var name = getName();
-
- test();
- console.log('doing stuff..');
-
- //..other stuff..
-
- if (name === 'test') {
- return false;
- }
-
- return name;
- }
-
- // bad - unnecessary function call
- function () {
- var name = getName();
-
- if (!arguments.length) {
- return false;
- }
-
- this.setFirstName(name);
-
- return true;
- }
-
- // good
- function () {
- var name;
-
- if (!arguments.length) {
- return false;
- }
-
- name = getName();
- this.setFirstName(name);
-
- return true;
- }
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Hoisting
-
- - Variable declarations get hoisted to the top of their scope, but their assignment does not.
-
- ```javascript
- // we know this wouldn't work (assuming there
- // is no notDefined global variable)
- function example() {
- console.log(notDefined); // => throws a ReferenceError
- }
-
- // creating a variable declaration after you
- // reference the variable will work due to
- // variable hoisting. Note: the assignment
- // value of `true` is not hoisted.
- function example() {
- console.log(declaredButNotAssigned); // => undefined
- var declaredButNotAssigned = true;
- }
-
- // The interpreter is hoisting the variable
- // declaration to the top of the scope,
- // which means our example could be rewritten as:
- function example() {
- var declaredButNotAssigned;
- console.log(declaredButNotAssigned); // => undefined
- declaredButNotAssigned = true;
- }
- ```
-
- - Anonymous function expressions hoist their variable name, but not the function assignment.
-
- ```javascript
- function example() {
- console.log(anonymous); // => undefined
-
- anonymous(); // => TypeError anonymous is not a function
-
- var anonymous = function () {
- console.log('anonymous function expression');
- };
- }
- ```
-
- - Named function expressions hoist the variable name, not the function name or the function body.
-
- ```javascript
- function example() {
- console.log(named); // => undefined
-
- named(); // => TypeError named is not a function
-
- superPower(); // => ReferenceError superPower is not defined
-
- var named = function superPower() {
- console.log('Flying');
- };
- }
-
- // the same is true when the function name
- // is the same as the variable name.
- function example() {
- console.log(named); // => undefined
-
- named(); // => TypeError named is not a function
-
- var named = function named() {
- console.log('named');
- }
- }
- ```
-
- - Function declarations hoist their name and the function body.
-
- ```javascript
- function example() {
- superPower(); // => Flying
-
- function superPower() {
- console.log('Flying');
- }
- }
- ```
-
- - For more information refer to [JavaScript Scoping & Hoisting](http://www.adequatelygood.com/2010/2/JavaScript-Scoping-and-Hoisting) by [Ben Cherry](http://www.adequatelygood.com/).
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-
-## Comparison Operators & Equality
-
- - Use `===` and `!==` over `==` and `!=`.
- - Conditional statements such as the `if` statement evaluate their expression using coercion with the `ToBoolean` abstract method and always follow these simple rules:
-
- + **Objects** evaluate to **true**
- + **Undefined** evaluates to **false**
- + **Null** evaluates to **false**
- + **Booleans** evaluate to **the value of the boolean**
- + **Numbers** evaluate to **false** if **+0, -0, or NaN**, otherwise **true**
- + **Strings** evaluate to **false** if an empty string `''`, otherwise **true**
-
- ```javascript
- if ([0]) {
- // true
- // An array is an object, objects evaluate to true
- }
- ```
-
- - Use shortcuts.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- if (name !== '') {
- // ...stuff...
- }
-
- // good
- if (name) {
- // ...stuff...
- }
-
- // bad
- if (collection.length > 0) {
- // ...stuff...
- }
-
- // good
- if (collection.length) {
- // ...stuff...
- }
- ```
-
- - For more information see [Truth Equality and JavaScript](http://javascriptweblog.wordpress.com/2011/02/07/truth-equality-and-javascript/#more-2108) by Angus Croll.
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Blocks
-
- - Use braces with all multi-line blocks.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- if (test)
- return false;
-
- // good
- if (test) return false;
-
- // good
- if (test) {
- return false;
- }
-
- // bad
- function () { return false; }
-
- // good
- function () {
- return false;
- }
- ```
-
- - If you're using multi-line blocks with `if` and `else`, put `else` on the same line as your
- `if` block's closing brace.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- if (test) {
- thing1();
- thing2();
- }
- else {
- thing3();
- }
-
- // good
- if (test) {
- thing1();
- thing2();
- } else {
- thing3();
- }
- ```
-
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Comments
-
- - Use `/** ... */` for multi-line comments. Include a description, specify types and values for all parameters and return values.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- // make() returns a new element
- // based on the passed in tag name
- //
- // @param {String} tag
- // @return {Element} element
- function make(tag) {
-
- // ...stuff...
-
- return element;
- }
-
- // good
- /**
- * make() returns a new element
- * based on the passed in tag name
- *
- * @param {String} tag
- * @return {Element} element
- */
- function make(tag) {
-
- // ...stuff...
-
- return element;
- }
- ```
-
- - Use `//` for single line comments. Place single line comments on a newline above the subject of the comment. Put an empty line before the comment.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var active = true; // is current tab
-
- // good
- // is current tab
- var active = true;
-
- // bad
- function getType() {
- console.log('fetching type...');
- // set the default type to 'no type'
- var type = this.type || 'no type';
-
- return type;
- }
-
- // good
- function getType() {
- console.log('fetching type...');
-
- // set the default type to 'no type'
- var type = this.type || 'no type';
-
- return type;
- }
- ```
-
- - Prefixing your comments with `FIXME` or `TODO` helps other developers quickly understand if you're pointing out a problem that needs to be revisited, or if you're suggesting a solution to the problem that needs to be implemented. These are different than regular comments because they are actionable. The actions are `FIXME -- need to figure this out` or `TODO -- need to implement`.
-
- - Use `// FIXME:` to annotate problems.
-
- ```javascript
- function Calculator() {
-
- // FIXME: shouldn't use a global here
- total = 0;
-
- return this;
- }
- ```
-
- - Use `// TODO:` to annotate solutions to problems.
-
- ```javascript
- function Calculator() {
-
- // TODO: total should be configurable by an options param
- this.total = 0;
-
- return this;
- }
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Whitespace
-
- - Use soft tabs set to 2 spaces.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- function () {
- ∙∙∙∙var name;
- }
-
- // bad
- function () {
- ∙var name;
- }
-
- // good
- function () {
- ∙∙var name;
- }
- ```
-
- - Place 1 space before the leading brace.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- function test(){
- console.log('test');
- }
-
- // good
- function test() {
- console.log('test');
- }
-
- // bad
- dog.set('attr',{
- age: '1 year',
- breed: 'Bernese Mountain Dog'
- });
-
- // good
- dog.set('attr', {
- age: '1 year',
- breed: 'Bernese Mountain Dog'
- });
- ```
-
- - Place 1 space before the opening parenthesis in control statements (`if`, `while` etc.). Place no space before the argument list in function calls and declarations.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- if(isJedi) {
- fight ();
- }
-
- // good
- if (isJedi) {
- fight();
- }
-
- // bad
- function fight () {
- console.log ('Swooosh!');
- }
-
- // good
- function fight() {
- console.log('Swooosh!');
- }
- ```
-
- - Set off operators with spaces.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var x=y+5;
-
- // good
- var x = y + 5;
- ```
-
- - End files with a single newline character.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- (function (global) {
- // ...stuff...
- })(this);
- ```
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- (function (global) {
- // ...stuff...
- })(this);↵
- ↵
- ```
-
- ```javascript
- // good
- (function (global) {
- // ...stuff...
- })(this);↵
- ```
-
- - Use indentation when making long method chains. Use a leading dot, which
- emphasizes that the line is a method call, not a new statement.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- $('#items').find('.selected').highlight().end().find('.open').updateCount();
-
- // bad
- $('#items').
- find('.selected').
- highlight().
- end().
- find('.open').
- updateCount();
-
- // good
- $('#items')
- .find('.selected')
- .highlight()
- .end()
- .find('.open')
- .updateCount();
-
- // bad
- var leds = stage.selectAll('.led').data(data).enter().append('svg:svg').classed('led', true)
- .attr('width', (radius + margin) * 2).append('svg:g')
- .attr('transform', 'translate(' + (radius + margin) + ',' + (radius + margin) + ')')
- .call(tron.led);
-
- // good
- var leds = stage.selectAll('.led')
- .data(data)
- .enter().append('svg:svg')
- .classed('led', true)
- .attr('width', (radius + margin) * 2)
- .append('svg:g')
- .attr('transform', 'translate(' + (radius + margin) + ',' + (radius + margin) + ')')
- .call(tron.led);
- ```
-
- - Leave a blank line after blocks and before the next statement
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- if (foo) {
- return bar;
- }
- return baz;
-
- // good
- if (foo) {
- return bar;
- }
-
- return baz;
-
- // bad
- var obj = {
- foo: function () {
- },
- bar: function () {
- }
- };
- return obj;
-
- // good
- var obj = {
- foo: function () {
- },
-
- bar: function () {
- }
- };
-
- return obj;
- ```
-
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-## Commas
-
- - Leading commas: **Nope.**
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var story = [
- once
- , upon
- , aTime
- ];
-
- // good
- var story = [
- once,
- upon,
- aTime
- ];
-
- // bad
- var hero = {
- firstName: 'Bob'
- , lastName: 'Parr'
- , heroName: 'Mr. Incredible'
- , superPower: 'strength'
- };
-
- // good
- var hero = {
- firstName: 'Bob',
- lastName: 'Parr',
- heroName: 'Mr. Incredible',
- superPower: 'strength'
- };
- ```
-
- - Additional trailing comma: **Nope.** This can cause problems with IE6/7 and IE9 if it's in quirksmode. Also, in some implementations of ES3 would add length to an array if it had an additional trailing comma. This was clarified in ES5 ([source](http://es5.github.io/#D)):
-
- > Edition 5 clarifies the fact that a trailing comma at the end of an ArrayInitialiser does not add to the length of the array. This is not a semantic change from Edition 3 but some implementations may have previously misinterpreted this.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var hero = {
- firstName: 'Kevin',
- lastName: 'Flynn',
- };
-
- var heroes = [
- 'Batman',
- 'Superman',
- ];
-
- // good
- var hero = {
- firstName: 'Kevin',
- lastName: 'Flynn'
- };
-
- var heroes = [
- 'Batman',
- 'Superman'
- ];
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Semicolons
-
- - **Yup.**
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- (function () {
- var name = 'Skywalker'
- return name
- })()
-
- // good
- (function () {
- var name = 'Skywalker';
- return name;
- })();
-
- // good (guards against the function becoming an argument when two files with IIFEs are concatenated)
- ;(function () {
- var name = 'Skywalker';
- return name;
- })();
- ```
-
- [Read more](http://stackoverflow.com/a/7365214/1712802).
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Type Casting & Coercion
-
- - Perform type coercion at the beginning of the statement.
- - Strings:
-
- ```javascript
- // => this.reviewScore = 9;
-
- // bad
- var totalScore = this.reviewScore + '';
-
- // good
- var totalScore = '' + this.reviewScore;
-
- // bad
- var totalScore = '' + this.reviewScore + ' total score';
-
- // good
- var totalScore = this.reviewScore + ' total score';
- ```
-
- - Use `parseInt` for Numbers and always with a radix for type casting.
-
- ```javascript
- var inputValue = '4';
-
- // bad
- var val = new Number(inputValue);
-
- // bad
- var val = +inputValue;
-
- // bad
- var val = inputValue >> 0;
-
- // bad
- var val = parseInt(inputValue);
-
- // good
- var val = Number(inputValue);
-
- // good
- var val = parseInt(inputValue, 10);
- ```
-
- - If for whatever reason you are doing something wild and `parseInt` is your bottleneck and need to use Bitshift for [performance reasons](http://jsperf.com/coercion-vs-casting/3), leave a comment explaining why and what you're doing.
-
- ```javascript
- // good
- /**
- * parseInt was the reason my code was slow.
- * Bitshifting the String to coerce it to a
- * Number made it a lot faster.
- */
- var val = inputValue >> 0;
- ```
-
- - **Note:** Be careful when using bitshift operations. Numbers are represented as [64-bit values](http://es5.github.io/#x4.3.19), but Bitshift operations always return a 32-bit integer ([source](http://es5.github.io/#x11.7)). Bitshift can lead to unexpected behavior for integer values larger than 32 bits. [Discussion](https://github.com/airbnb/javascript/issues/109). Largest signed 32-bit Int is 2,147,483,647:
-
- ```javascript
- 2147483647 >> 0 //=> 2147483647
- 2147483648 >> 0 //=> -2147483648
- 2147483649 >> 0 //=> -2147483647
- ```
-
- - Booleans:
-
- ```javascript
- var age = 0;
-
- // bad
- var hasAge = new Boolean(age);
-
- // good
- var hasAge = Boolean(age);
-
- // good
- var hasAge = !!age;
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Naming Conventions
-
- - Avoid single letter names. Be descriptive with your naming.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- function q() {
- // ...stuff...
- }
-
- // good
- function query() {
- // ..stuff..
- }
- ```
-
- - Use camelCase when naming objects, functions, and instances.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var OBJEcttsssss = {};
- var this_is_my_object = {};
- var o = {};
- function c() {}
-
- // good
- var thisIsMyObject = {};
- function thisIsMyFunction() {}
- ```
-
- - Use PascalCase when naming constructors or classes.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- function user(options) {
- this.name = options.name;
- }
-
- var bad = new user({
- name: 'nope'
- });
-
- // good
- function User(options) {
- this.name = options.name;
- }
-
- var good = new User({
- name: 'yup'
- });
- ```
-
- - Do not use trailing or leading underscores.
-
- > Why? JavaScript does not have the concept of privacy in terms of properties or methods. Although a leading underscore is a common convention to mean “private”, in fact, these properties are fully public, and as such, are part of your public API contract. This convention might lead developers to wrongly think that a change won't count as breaking, or that tests aren't needed. tl;dr: if you want something to be “private”, it must not be observably present.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- this.__firstName__ = 'Panda';
- this.firstName_ = 'Panda';
- this._firstName = 'Panda';
-
- // good
- this.firstName = 'Panda';
- ```
-
- - Don't save references to this. Use Function#bind.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- function () {
- var self = this;
- return function () {
- console.log(self);
- };
- }
-
- // bad
- function () {
- var that = this;
- return function () {
- console.log(that);
- };
- }
-
- // bad
- function () {
- var _this = this;
- return function () {
- console.log(_this);
- };
- }
-
- // good
- function () {
- return function () {
- console.log(this);
- }.bind(this);
- }
- ```
-
- - Name your functions. This is helpful for stack traces.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var log = function (msg) {
- console.log(msg);
- };
-
- // good
- var log = function log(msg) {
- console.log(msg);
- };
- ```
-
- - **Note:** IE8 and below exhibit some quirks with named function expressions. See [http://kangax.github.io/nfe/](http://kangax.github.io/nfe/) for more info.
-
- - If your file exports a single class, your filename should be exactly the name of the class.
- ```javascript
- // file contents
- class CheckBox {
- // ...
- }
- module.exports = CheckBox;
-
- // in some other file
- // bad
- var CheckBox = require('./checkBox');
-
- // bad
- var CheckBox = require('./check_box');
-
- // good
- var CheckBox = require('./CheckBox');
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Accessors
-
- - Accessor functions for properties are not required.
- - If you do make accessor functions use getVal() and setVal('hello').
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- dragon.age();
-
- // good
- dragon.getAge();
-
- // bad
- dragon.age(25);
-
- // good
- dragon.setAge(25);
- ```
-
- - If the property is a boolean, use isVal() or hasVal().
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- if (!dragon.age()) {
- return false;
- }
-
- // good
- if (!dragon.hasAge()) {
- return false;
- }
- ```
-
- - It's okay to create get() and set() functions, but be consistent.
-
- ```javascript
- function Jedi(options) {
- options || (options = {});
- var lightsaber = options.lightsaber || 'blue';
- this.set('lightsaber', lightsaber);
- }
-
- Jedi.prototype.set = function set(key, val) {
- this[key] = val;
- };
-
- Jedi.prototype.get = function get(key) {
- return this[key];
- };
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Constructors
-
- - Assign methods to the prototype object, instead of overwriting the prototype with a new object. Overwriting the prototype makes inheritance impossible: by resetting the prototype you'll overwrite the base!
-
- ```javascript
- function Jedi() {
- console.log('new jedi');
- }
-
- // bad
- Jedi.prototype = {
- fight: function fight() {
- console.log('fighting');
- },
-
- block: function block() {
- console.log('blocking');
- }
- };
-
- // good
- Jedi.prototype.fight = function fight() {
- console.log('fighting');
- };
-
- Jedi.prototype.block = function block() {
- console.log('blocking');
- };
- ```
-
- - Methods can return `this` to help with method chaining.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- Jedi.prototype.jump = function jump() {
- this.jumping = true;
- return true;
- };
-
- Jedi.prototype.setHeight = function setHeight(height) {
- this.height = height;
- };
-
- var luke = new Jedi();
- luke.jump(); // => true
- luke.setHeight(20); // => undefined
-
- // good
- Jedi.prototype.jump = function jump() {
- this.jumping = true;
- return this;
- };
-
- Jedi.prototype.setHeight = function setHeight(height) {
- this.height = height;
- return this;
- };
-
- var luke = new Jedi();
-
- luke.jump()
- .setHeight(20);
- ```
-
-
- - It's okay to write a custom toString() method, just make sure it works successfully and causes no side effects.
-
- ```javascript
- function Jedi(options) {
- options || (options = {});
- this.name = options.name || 'no name';
- }
-
- Jedi.prototype.getName = function getName() {
- return this.name;
- };
-
- Jedi.prototype.toString = function toString() {
- return 'Jedi - ' + this.getName();
- };
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Events
-
- - When attaching data payloads to events (whether DOM events or something more proprietary like Backbone events), pass a hash instead of a raw value. This allows a subsequent contributor to add more data to the event payload without finding and updating every handler for the event. For example, instead of:
-
- ```js
- // bad
- $(this).trigger('listingUpdated', listing.id);
-
- ...
-
- $(this).on('listingUpdated', function (e, listingId) {
- // do something with listingId
- });
- ```
-
- prefer:
-
- ```js
- // good
- $(this).trigger('listingUpdated', { listingId : listing.id });
-
- ...
-
- $(this).on('listingUpdated', function (e, data) {
- // do something with data.listingId
- });
- ```
-
- **[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Modules
-
- - The module should start with a `!`. This ensures that if a malformed module forgets to include a final semicolon there aren't errors in production when the scripts get concatenated. [Explanation](https://github.com/airbnb/javascript/issues/44#issuecomment-13063933)
- - The file should be named with camelCase, live in a folder with the same name, and match the name of the single export.
- - Add a method called `noConflict()` that sets the exported module to the previous version and returns this one.
- - Always declare `'use strict';` at the top of the module.
-
- ```javascript
- // fancyInput/fancyInput.js
-
- !function (global) {
- 'use strict';
-
- var previousFancyInput = global.FancyInput;
-
- function FancyInput(options) {
- this.options = options || {};
- }
-
- FancyInput.noConflict = function noConflict() {
- global.FancyInput = previousFancyInput;
- return FancyInput;
- };
-
- global.FancyInput = FancyInput;
- }(this);
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## jQuery
-
- - Prefix jQuery object variables with a `$`.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- var sidebar = $('.sidebar');
-
- // good
- var $sidebar = $('.sidebar');
- ```
-
- - Cache jQuery lookups.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- function setSidebar() {
- $('.sidebar').hide();
-
- // ...stuff...
-
- $('.sidebar').css({
- 'background-color': 'pink'
- });
- }
-
- // good
- function setSidebar() {
- var $sidebar = $('.sidebar');
- $sidebar.hide();
-
- // ...stuff...
-
- $sidebar.css({
- 'background-color': 'pink'
- });
- }
- ```
-
- - For DOM queries use Cascading `$('.sidebar ul')` or parent > child `$('.sidebar > ul')`. [jsPerf](http://jsperf.com/jquery-find-vs-context-sel/16)
- - Use `find` with scoped jQuery object queries.
-
- ```javascript
- // bad
- $('ul', '.sidebar').hide();
-
- // bad
- $('.sidebar').find('ul').hide();
-
- // good
- $('.sidebar ul').hide();
-
- // good
- $('.sidebar > ul').hide();
-
- // good
- $sidebar.find('ul').hide();
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## ECMAScript 5 Compatibility
-
- - Refer to [Kangax](https://twitter.com/kangax/)'s ES5 [compatibility table](http://kangax.github.com/es5-compat-table/).
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Testing
-
- - **Yup.**
-
- ```javascript
- function () {
- return true;
- }
- ```
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Performance
-
- - [On Layout & Web Performance](http://kellegous.com/j/2013/01/26/layout-performance/)
- - [String vs Array Concat](http://jsperf.com/string-vs-array-concat/2)
- - [Try/Catch Cost In a Loop](http://jsperf.com/try-catch-in-loop-cost)
- - [Bang Function](http://jsperf.com/bang-function)
- - [jQuery Find vs Context, Selector](http://jsperf.com/jquery-find-vs-context-sel/13)
- - [innerHTML vs textContent for script text](http://jsperf.com/innerhtml-vs-textcontent-for-script-text)
- - [Long String Concatenation](http://jsperf.com/ya-string-concat)
- - Loading...
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-
-## Resources
-
-
-**Read This**
-
- - [Annotated ECMAScript 5.1](http://es5.github.com/)
-
-**Tools**
-
- - Code Style Linters
- + [JSHint](http://www.jshint.com/) - [Airbnb Style .jshintrc](https://github.com/airbnb/javascript/blob/master/linters/.jshintrc)
- + [JSCS](https://github.com/jscs-dev/node-jscs) - [Airbnb Style Preset](https://github.com/jscs-dev/node-jscs/blob/master/presets/airbnb.json)
-
-**Other Style Guides**
-
- - [Google JavaScript Style Guide](http://google-styleguide.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/javascriptguide.xml)
- - [jQuery Core Style Guidelines](http://docs.jquery.com/JQuery_Core_Style_Guidelines)
- - [Principles of Writing Consistent, Idiomatic JavaScript](https://github.com/rwldrn/idiomatic.js/)
- - [JavaScript Standard Style](https://github.com/feross/standard)
-
-**Other Styles**
-
- - [Naming this in nested functions](https://gist.github.com/4135065) - Christian Johansen
- - [Conditional Callbacks](https://github.com/airbnb/javascript/issues/52) - Ross Allen
- - [Popular JavaScript Coding Conventions on Github](http://sideeffect.kr/popularconvention/#javascript) - JeongHoon Byun
- - [Multiple var statements in JavaScript, not superfluous](http://benalman.com/news/2012/05/multiple-var-statements-javascript/) - Ben Alman
-
-**Further Reading**
-
- - [Understanding JavaScript Closures](http://javascriptweblog.wordpress.com/2010/10/25/understanding-javascript-closures/) - Angus Croll
- - [Basic JavaScript for the impatient programmer](http://www.2ality.com/2013/06/basic-javascript.html) - Dr. Axel Rauschmayer
- - [You Might Not Need jQuery](http://youmightnotneedjquery.com/) - Zack Bloom & Adam Schwartz
- - [ES6 Features](https://github.com/lukehoban/es6features) - Luke Hoban
- - [Frontend Guidelines](https://github.com/bendc/frontend-guidelines) - Benjamin De Cock
-
-**Books**
-
- - [JavaScript: The Good Parts](http://www.amazon.com/JavaScript-Good-Parts-Douglas-Crockford/dp/0596517742) - Douglas Crockford
- - [JavaScript Patterns](http://www.amazon.com/JavaScript-Patterns-Stoyan-Stefanov/dp/0596806752) - Stoyan Stefanov
- - [Pro JavaScript Design Patterns](http://www.amazon.com/JavaScript-Design-Patterns-Recipes-Problem-Solution/dp/159059908X) - Ross Harmes and Dustin Diaz
- - [High Performance Web Sites: Essential Knowledge for Front-End Engineers](http://www.amazon.com/High-Performance-Web-Sites-Essential/dp/0596529309) - Steve Souders
- - [Maintainable JavaScript](http://www.amazon.com/Maintainable-JavaScript-Nicholas-C-Zakas/dp/1449327680) - Nicholas C. Zakas
- - [JavaScript Web Applications](http://www.amazon.com/JavaScript-Web-Applications-Alex-MacCaw/dp/144930351X) - Alex MacCaw
- - [Pro JavaScript Techniques](http://www.amazon.com/Pro-JavaScript-Techniques-John-Resig/dp/1590597273) - John Resig
- - [Smashing Node.js: JavaScript Everywhere](http://www.amazon.com/Smashing-Node-js-JavaScript-Everywhere-Magazine/dp/1119962595) - Guillermo Rauch
- - [Secrets of the JavaScript Ninja](http://www.amazon.com/Secrets-JavaScript-Ninja-John-Resig/dp/193398869X) - John Resig and Bear Bibeault
- - [Human JavaScript](http://humanjavascript.com/) - Henrik Joreteg
- - [Superhero.js](http://superherojs.com/) - Kim Joar Bekkelund, Mads Mobæk, & Olav Bjorkoy
- - [JSBooks](http://jsbooks.revolunet.com/) - Julien Bouquillon
- - [Third Party JavaScript](http://manning.com/vinegar/) - Ben Vinegar and Anton Kovalyov
- - [Effective JavaScript: 68 Specific Ways to Harness the Power of JavaScript](http://amzn.com/0321812182) - David Herman
- - [Eloquent JavaScript](http://eloquentjavascript.net) - Marijn Haverbeke
- - [You Don't Know JS](https://github.com/getify/You-Dont-Know-JS) - Kyle Simpson
-
-**Blogs**
-
- - [DailyJS](http://dailyjs.com/)
- - [JavaScript Weekly](http://javascriptweekly.com/)
- - [JavaScript, JavaScript...](http://javascriptweblog.wordpress.com/)
- - [Bocoup Weblog](http://weblog.bocoup.com/)
- - [Adequately Good](http://www.adequatelygood.com/)
- - [NCZOnline](http://www.nczonline.net/)
- - [Perfection Kills](http://perfectionkills.com/)
- - [Ben Alman](http://benalman.com/)
- - [Dmitry Baranovskiy](http://dmitry.baranovskiy.com/)
- - [Dustin Diaz](http://dustindiaz.com/)
- - [nettuts](http://net.tutsplus.com/?s=javascript)
-
-**Podcasts**
-
- - [JavaScript Jabber](http://devchat.tv/js-jabber/)
-
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-## In the Wild
-
- This is a list of organizations that are using this style guide. Send us a pull request or open an issue and we'll add you to the list.
-
- - **Aan Zee**: [AanZee/javascript](https://github.com/AanZee/javascript)
- - **Adult Swim**: [adult-swim/javascript](https://github.com/adult-swim/javascript)
- - **Airbnb**: [airbnb/javascript](https://github.com/airbnb/javascript)
- - **Apartmint**: [apartmint/javascript](https://github.com/apartmint/javascript)
- - **Avalara**: [avalara/javascript](https://github.com/avalara/javascript)
- - **Billabong**: [billabong/javascript](https://github.com/billabong/javascript)
- - **Compass Learning**: [compasslearning/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/compasslearning/javascript-style-guide)
- - **DailyMotion**: [dailymotion/javascript](https://github.com/dailymotion/javascript)
- - **Digitpaint** [digitpaint/javascript](https://github.com/digitpaint/javascript)
- - **Evernote**: [evernote/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/evernote/javascript-style-guide)
- - **ExactTarget**: [ExactTarget/javascript](https://github.com/ExactTarget/javascript)
- - **Flexberry**: [Flexberry/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/Flexberry/javascript-style-guide)
- - **Gawker Media**: [gawkermedia/javascript](https://github.com/gawkermedia/javascript)
- - **General Electric**: [GeneralElectric/javascript](https://github.com/GeneralElectric/javascript)
- - **GoodData**: [gooddata/gdc-js-style](https://github.com/gooddata/gdc-js-style)
- - **Grooveshark**: [grooveshark/javascript](https://github.com/grooveshark/javascript)
- - **How About We**: [howaboutwe/javascript](https://github.com/howaboutwe/javascript)
- - **InfoJobs**: [InfoJobs/JavaScript-Style-Guide](https://github.com/InfoJobs/JavaScript-Style-Guide)
- - **Intent Media**: [intentmedia/javascript](https://github.com/intentmedia/javascript)
- - **Jam3**: [Jam3/Javascript-Code-Conventions](https://github.com/Jam3/Javascript-Code-Conventions)
- - **JSSolutions**: [JSSolutions/javascript](https://github.com/JSSolutions/javascript)
- - **Kinetica Solutions**: [kinetica/javascript](https://github.com/kinetica/javascript)
- - **Mighty Spring**: [mightyspring/javascript](https://github.com/mightyspring/javascript)
- - **MinnPost**: [MinnPost/javascript](https://github.com/MinnPost/javascript)
- - **ModCloth**: [modcloth/javascript](https://github.com/modcloth/javascript)
- - **Money Advice Service**: [moneyadviceservice/javascript](https://github.com/moneyadviceservice/javascript)
- - **Muber**: [muber/javascript](https://github.com/muber/javascript)
- - **National Geographic**: [natgeo/javascript](https://github.com/natgeo/javascript)
- - **National Park Service**: [nationalparkservice/javascript](https://github.com/nationalparkservice/javascript)
- - **Nimbl3**: [nimbl3/javascript](https://github.com/nimbl3/javascript)
- - **Nordic Venture Family**: [CodeDistillery/javascript](https://github.com/CodeDistillery/javascript)
- - **Orion Health**: [orionhealth/javascript](https://github.com/orionhealth/javascript)
- - **Peerby**: [Peerby/javascript](https://github.com/Peerby/javascript)
- - **Razorfish**: [razorfish/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/razorfish/javascript-style-guide)
- - **reddit**: [reddit/styleguide/javascript](https://github.com/reddit/styleguide/tree/master/javascript)
- - **REI**: [reidev/js-style-guide](https://github.com/reidev/js-style-guide)
- - **Ripple**: [ripple/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/ripple/javascript-style-guide)
- - **SeekingAlpha**: [seekingalpha/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/seekingalpha/javascript-style-guide)
- - **Shutterfly**: [shutterfly/javascript](https://github.com/shutterfly/javascript)
- - **StudentSphere**: [studentsphere/javascript](https://github.com/studentsphere/javascript)
- - **Super**: [SuperJobs/javascript](https://github.com/SuperJobs/javascript)
- - **SysGarage**: [sysgarage/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/sysgarage/javascript-style-guide)
- - **Target**: [target/javascript](https://github.com/target/javascript)
- - **TheLadders**: [TheLadders/javascript](https://github.com/TheLadders/javascript)
- - **T4R Technology**: [T4R-Technology/javascript](https://github.com/T4R-Technology/javascript)
- - **VoxFeed**: [VoxFeed/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/VoxFeed/javascript-style-guide)
- - **Weggo**: [Weggo/javascript](https://github.com/Weggo/javascript)
- - **Zillow**: [zillow/javascript](https://github.com/zillow/javascript)
- - **ZocDoc**: [ZocDoc/javascript](https://github.com/ZocDoc/javascript)
-
-## Translation
-
- This style guide is also available in other languages:
-
- -  **Brazilian Portuguese**: [armoucar/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/armoucar/javascript-style-guide)
- -  **Bulgarian**: [borislavvv/javascript](https://github.com/borislavvv/javascript)
- -  **Catalan**: [fpmweb/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/fpmweb/javascript-style-guide)
- -  **Chinese(Traditional)**: [jigsawye/javascript](https://github.com/jigsawye/javascript)
- -  **Chinese(Simplified)**: [sivan/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/sivan/javascript-style-guide)
- -  **French**: [nmussy/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/nmussy/javascript-style-guide)
- -  **German**: [timofurrer/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/timofurrer/javascript-style-guide)
- -  **Italian**: [sinkswim/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/sinkswim/javascript-style-guide)
- -  **Japanese**: [mitsuruog/javacript-style-guide](https://github.com/mitsuruog/javacript-style-guide)
- -  **Korean**: [tipjs/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/tipjs/javascript-style-guide)
- -  **Polish**: [mjurczyk/javascript](https://github.com/mjurczyk/javascript)
- -  **Russian**: [uprock/javascript](https://github.com/uprock/javascript)
- -  **Spanish**: [paolocarrasco/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/paolocarrasco/javascript-style-guide)
- -  **Thai**: [lvarayut/javascript-style-guide](https://github.com/lvarayut/javascript-style-guide)
-
-## The JavaScript Style Guide Guide
-
- - [Reference](https://github.com/airbnb/javascript/wiki/The-JavaScript-Style-Guide-Guide)
-
-## Chat With Us About JavaScript
-
- - Find us on [gitter](https://gitter.im/airbnb/javascript).
-
-## Contributors
-
- - [View Contributors](https://github.com/airbnb/javascript/graphs/contributors)
-
-
-## License
-
-(The MIT License)
-
-Copyright (c) 2014 Airbnb
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
-a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
-permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
-the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
-included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
-EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
-IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
-CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
-TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
-SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-
-**[⬆ back to top](#table-of-contents)**
-
-# };