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J/MNRAS/484/3691 The UTMOST pulsar timing programme I (Jankowski+, 2019)
================================================================================
The UTMOST pulsar timing programme I: Overview and first results
Jankowski F., Bailes M., van Straten W., Keane E.F., Flynn C., Barr E.D.,
Bateman T., Bhandari S., Caleb M., Campbell-Wilson D., Farah W.,
Green A.J., Hunstead R.W., Jameson A., Oslowski S., Parthasarathy A.,
Rosado P.A., Venkatraman Krishnan V.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 484, 3691-3712 (2019)>
=2019MNRAS.484.3691J(SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
================================================================================
ADC_Keywords: Astrometric data ; Ephemerides ; Interferometry ; Models ;
Positional data ; Proper motions ; Pulsars ; Radio continuum ;
Radio sources
Keywords: radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ; instrumentation: interferometers ;
methods: data analysis ; astrometry ; ephemerides ; pulsars: general
Abstract:
We present an overview and the first results from a large-scale pulsar
timing programme that is part of the UTMOST project at the refurbished
Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Radio Telescope (MOST) near Canberra,
Australia. We currently observe more than 400 mainly bright southern radio
pulsars with up to daily cadences. For 205 (8 in binaries, 4 millisecond
pulsars), we publish updated timing models, together with their flux
densities, flux density variability, and pulse widths at 843 MHz, derived
from observations spanning between 1.4 and 3 yr. In comparison with the
ATNF pulsar catalogue, we improve the precision of the rotational and
astrometric parameters for 123 pulsars, for 47 by at least an order of
magnitude. The time spans between our measurements and those in the
literature are up to 48 yr, which allow us to investigate their long-term
spin-down history and to estimate proper motions for 60 pulsars, of which
24 are newly determined and most are major improvements. The results are
consistent with interferometric measurements from the literature. A model
with two Gaussian components centred at 139 and 463 km/s fits the
transverse velocity distribution best. The pulse duty cycle distributions
at 50 and 10 per cent maximum are best described by lognormal distributions
with medians of 2.3 and 4.4 per cent, respectively. We discuss two pulsars
that exhibit spin-down rate changes and drifting subpulses. Finally, we
describe the autonomous observing system and the dynamic scheduler that has
increased the observing efficiency by a factor of 2-3 in comparison with
static scheduling.
Data description:
We present updated astrometric ephemerides and rotational parameters for
205 radio pulsars, of which 8 are in binary systems, and 197 are isolated.
For 60 of them, we publish inferred proper motions and transverse
velocities, and for all of them, we report band-integrated flux densities,
modulation indices and pulse widths at 50 and 10 per cent maximum at a
frequency of 843 MHz. Our measurements are based on up to daily
observations with time spans of 1.4 to 3 yr performed at the refurbished
Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Radio Telescope (MOST), a radio
interferometer located in Australia. In table 3, we list the pulsar names
(J2000), the proper motions in right ascension and declination, proper
motion measurements from the literature where available, the maximum time
spans between position measurements, the number of positions in the fit,
the references for the literature proper motions, the pulsar distances and
their transverse velocities. In table3_r, we list the references used in
table 3, their names in the publication and their bibcodes. In table B1, we
report the pulsar names (J2000), their positions referenced to the ICRF,
their spin frequencies and first temporal derivatives, the root mean square
timing residuals in us and as a fractions of the pulsar periods, the number
of pulse arrival times, the reduced chi2 and degrees of freedom of the fits,
the timing baselines and a flag whether we corrected the pulse arrival
times for underestimation. Table B1 shows the results for 8 pulsars in
binary systems. Table B2 reports the results for 197 isolated pulsars, in
a format analogue to the one of table B1. In table C1, we present the pulsar
names (J2000), whether they have interpulses, their band-integrated flux
densities at 843 MHz, their robust modulation indices and their pulse
widths at 50 and 10 per cent maximum. The period, position and dispersion
measure determination epoch is set to MJD 57600 for all pulsars. We report
all uncertainties at the 1 sigma level.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 91 60 Proper motions and velocities for 60 pulsars
table3_r.dat 57 15 Literature references used in table 3
tableB1.dat 108 8 Rotational parameters for 8 binary systems
tableB2.dat 125 197 Rotational parameters for 197 isolated pulsars
tableC1.dat 43 205 Flux densities and pulse widths for 205 pulsars
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- Seq Running number
4- 13 A10 --- PSRJ Pulsar name (J2000)
15- 15 A1 --- footnote1 ? Footnote
17- 22 F6.2 mas/yr pmRA Proper motion in right ascension
24- 25 I2 mas/yr e_pmRA Uncertainty of proper motion in RA
27- 32 F6.2 mas/yr pmDE Proper motion in declination
34- 35 I2 mas/yr e_pmDE Uncertainty of proper motion in Dec
37- 43 F7.3 mas/yr lit_pmRA ? Literature value for proper motion in RA
45- 46 I2 mas/yr lit_e_pmRA ? Uncertainty of lit value of pm in RA
48- 48 A1 --- footnote2 ? Footnote
50- 56 F7.3 mas/yr lit_pmDE ? Literature value of proper motion in Dec
58- 60 I3 mas/yr lit_e_pmDE ? Uncertainty of lit value of pm in Dec
62- 62 A1 --- footnote3 ? Footnote
64- 67 F4.1 yr dt Maximum time span between pos measurements
69- 69 I1 --- npos Number of positions in pm estimate
71- 72 I2 --- r_lit_pmRA ? Reference for literature proper motions
74- 79 F6.4 kpc dist Distance
81- 81 I1 --- e_dist ? Uncertainty of distance
83- 87 F5.1 km/s vtrans Transverse velocity
89- 91 I3 km/s e_vtrans Uncertainty of transverse velocity
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3_r.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- Seq Reference number
4- 37 A34 --- Name Name of literature reference
39- 57 A19 --- BibCode BibCode for literature reference
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableB1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 1 I1 --- Seq Running number
3- 13 A11 --- PSRJ Pulsar name (J2000)
15- 16 I2 h RAh Right ascension referenced to the ICRF (hours)
18- 19 I2 min RAm Right ascension (minutes)
21- 28 F8.5 s RAs Right ascension (seconds)
30- 30 I1 s e_RAs Uncertainty of right ascension
32- 32 A1 --- DE- Sign of declination
33- 34 I2 deg DEd Declination referenced to the ICRF (degrees)
36- 37 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (minutes)
39- 45 F7.4 arcsec DEs Declination (seconds)
47- 47 I1 arcsec e_DEs Uncertainty of declination
49- 64 F16.12 Hz F0 Pulsar spin frequency
66- 66 I1 Hz e_F0 Uncertainty of spin frequency
68- 77 F10.4 1/s2 F1 First temporal derivative of spin frequency (1)
79- 79 I1 1/s2 e_F1 Uncertainty of first spin frequency derivative
81- 85 F5.1 us RMS Root mean square timing residual
87- 89 F3.1 --- RMS_P0 RMS timing residual divided by spin period
91- 93 I3 --- ntoa Number of pulse arrival times in fit
95- 97 F3.1 --- chi2r Reduced chi2 of the timing fit
99-101 I3 --- dof Degrees of freedom of the timing fit
103-105 F3.1 yr dt Time span of pulse arrival times in fit
107-107 A1 --- flags ? Pulse arrival time correction flag
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Divided by 10^-15.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableB2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 I3 --- Seq Running number
5- 14 A10 --- PSRJ Pulsar name (J2000)
16- 17 I2 h RAh Right ascension referenced to ICRF (hours)
19- 20 I2 min RAm Right ascension (minutes)
22- 28 F7.4 s RAs Right ascension (seconds)
30- 31 I2 s e_RAs Uncertainty of right ascension
33- 33 A1 --- DE- Sign of declination
34- 35 I2 deg DEd Declination referenced to the ICRF (degrees)
37- 38 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (minutes)
40- 45 F6.3 arcsec DEs Declination (seconds)
47- 47 I1 arcsec e_DEs Uncertainty of declination
49- 64 F16.12 Hz F0 Pulsar spin frequency
66- 66 I1 Hz e_F0 Uncertainty of spin frequency
68- 78 F11.5 1/s2 F1 First temp derivative of spin frequency (1)
80- 80 I1 1/s2 e_F1 Uncertainty of first spin freq derivative
82- 89 F8.5 1/s3 F2 ? Second temp derivative of spin frequency (2)
91- 92 I2 1/s3 e_F2 ? Uncertainty of second spin freq derivative
94- 99 F6.1 us RMS Root mean square timing residual
101-104 F4.1 --- RMS_P0 RMS timing residual divided by spin period
106-108 I3 --- ntoa Number of pulse arrival times in fit
110-113 F4.1 --- chi2r Reduced chi2 of the timing fit
115-115 A1 --- l_chi2r ? Limit flag on reduced chi2
117-119 I3 --- dof Degrees of freedom of the timing fit
121-123 F3.1 yr dt Time span of pulse arrival times in fit
125-125 I1 --- flags ? Pulse arrival time correction flag
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Divided by 10^-15.
Note (2): Divided by 10^-24.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableC1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 I3 --- Seq Running number
5- 15 A11 --- PSRJ Pulsar name (J2000)
17- 17 I1 --- interpulse ? Label of whether pulsar has an interpulse
19- 22 F4.1 mJy S843 Flux density at 843 MHz
24- 26 F3.1 mJy e_S843 Uncertainty of flux density at 843 MHz
28- 31 F4.2 --- mr Robust modulation index at 843 MHz
33- 37 F5.1 deg W50 ? Full pulse width at 50 per cent maximum
39- 43 F5.1 deg W10 Full pulse width at 10 per cent maximum
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements: Fabian Jankowski <fjankowsk at gmail.com>
================================================================================
(End) Fabian Jankowski [University of Manchester, UK] 2020-02-03