diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 1455e39af3..86d5534198 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -4001,6 +4001,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrayvec 0.7.4",
  "bit-vec",
  "bitflags 2.4.1",
+ "cfg_aliases",
  "codespan-reporting",
  "indexmap",
  "log",
@@ -4063,6 +4064,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.4.1",
  "block",
  "cfg-if",
+ "cfg_aliases",
  "core-graphics-types",
  "d3d12",
  "env_logger",
diff --git a/wgpu-core/Cargo.toml b/wgpu-core/Cargo.toml
index 965382201d..eed57cc406 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/Cargo.toml
+++ b/wgpu-core/Cargo.toml
@@ -128,3 +128,6 @@ web-sys = { version = "0.3.66", features = [
     "HtmlCanvasElement",
     "OffscreenCanvas",
 ] }
+
+[build-dependencies]
+cfg_aliases.workspace = true
diff --git a/wgpu-core/build.rs b/wgpu-core/build.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f715fdb2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wgpu-core/build.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+fn main() {
+    cfg_aliases::cfg_aliases! {
+        send_sync: { any(
+            not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
+            all(feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm", not(target_feature = "atomics"))
+        ) },
+        webgl: { all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten"), gles) },
+        dx12: { all(target_os = "windows", feature = "dx12") },
+        gles: { all(feature = "gles") },
+        metal: { all(any(target_os = "ios", target_os = "macos"), feature = "metal") },
+        vulkan: { all(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), feature = "vulkan") }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/wgpu-core/src/any_surface.rs b/wgpu-core/src/any_surface.rs
index 5ae3295dc1..48d4b1d45a 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/src/any_surface.rs
+++ b/wgpu-core/src/any_surface.rs
@@ -23,19 +23,19 @@ impl AnySurface {
     }
 
     pub fn backend(&self) -> Backend {
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+        #[cfg(vulkan)]
         if self.downcast_ref::<hal::api::Vulkan>().is_some() {
             return Backend::Vulkan;
         }
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+        #[cfg(metal)]
         if self.downcast_ref::<hal::api::Metal>().is_some() {
             return Backend::Metal;
         }
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+        #[cfg(dx12)]
         if self.downcast_ref::<hal::api::Dx12>().is_some() {
             return Backend::Dx12;
         }
-        #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+        #[cfg(gles)]
         if self.downcast_ref::<hal::api::Gles>().is_some() {
             return Backend::Gl;
         }
@@ -90,19 +90,7 @@ impl fmt::Debug for AnySurface {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for AnySurface {}
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for AnySurface {}
diff --git a/wgpu-core/src/command/bundle.rs b/wgpu-core/src/command/bundle.rs
index cfbd7dfa1d..40e652fef4 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/src/command/bundle.rs
+++ b/wgpu-core/src/command/bundle.rs
@@ -777,21 +777,9 @@ impl<A: HalApi> Drop for RenderBundle<A> {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl<A: HalApi> Send for RenderBundle<A> {}
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl<A: HalApi> Sync for RenderBundle<A> {}
 
 impl<A: HalApi> RenderBundle<A> {
diff --git a/wgpu-core/src/device/any_device.rs b/wgpu-core/src/device/any_device.rs
index ab13b1421f..b3c4a31839 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/src/device/any_device.rs
+++ b/wgpu-core/src/device/any_device.rs
@@ -70,19 +70,7 @@ impl fmt::Debug for AnyDevice {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for AnyDevice {}
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for AnyDevice {}
diff --git a/wgpu-core/src/device/global.rs b/wgpu-core/src/device/global.rs
index dfbd359ba8..fa0c4d7dbe 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/src/device/global.rs
+++ b/wgpu-core/src/device/global.rs
@@ -2164,22 +2164,22 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
         let mut closures = UserClosures::default();
         let mut all_queue_empty = true;
 
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+        #[cfg(vulkan)]
         {
             all_queue_empty =
                 self.poll_device::<hal::api::Vulkan>(force_wait, &mut closures)? && all_queue_empty;
         }
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+        #[cfg(metal)]
         {
             all_queue_empty =
                 self.poll_device::<hal::api::Metal>(force_wait, &mut closures)? && all_queue_empty;
         }
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+        #[cfg(dx12)]
         {
             all_queue_empty =
                 self.poll_device::<hal::api::Dx12>(force_wait, &mut closures)? && all_queue_empty;
         }
-        #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+        #[cfg(gles)]
         {
             all_queue_empty =
                 self.poll_device::<hal::api::Gles>(force_wait, &mut closures)? && all_queue_empty;
diff --git a/wgpu-core/src/device/mod.rs b/wgpu-core/src/device/mod.rs
index bb0afedafc..dee31e3426 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/src/device/mod.rs
+++ b/wgpu-core/src/device/mod.rs
@@ -205,21 +205,9 @@ impl UserClosures {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 pub type DeviceLostCallback = Box<dyn Fn(DeviceLostReason, String) + Send + 'static>;
-#[cfg(not(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-)))]
+#[cfg(not(send_sync))]
 pub type DeviceLostCallback = Box<dyn Fn(DeviceLostReason, String) + 'static>;
 
 pub struct DeviceLostClosureRust {
@@ -242,13 +230,7 @@ pub struct DeviceLostClosureC {
     called: bool,
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for DeviceLostClosureC {}
 
 impl Drop for DeviceLostClosureC {
diff --git a/wgpu-core/src/device/queue.rs b/wgpu-core/src/device/queue.rs
index 6a3759a12e..be5c202ffb 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/src/device/queue.rs
+++ b/wgpu-core/src/device/queue.rs
@@ -71,13 +71,7 @@ pub struct SubmittedWorkDoneClosureC {
     pub user_data: *mut u8,
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for SubmittedWorkDoneClosureC {}
 
 pub struct SubmittedWorkDoneClosure {
@@ -86,21 +80,9 @@ pub struct SubmittedWorkDoneClosure {
     inner: SubmittedWorkDoneClosureInner,
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 type SubmittedWorkDoneCallback = Box<dyn FnOnce() + Send + 'static>;
-#[cfg(not(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-)))]
+#[cfg(not(send_sync))]
 type SubmittedWorkDoneCallback = Box<dyn FnOnce() + 'static>;
 
 enum SubmittedWorkDoneClosureInner {
@@ -911,7 +893,7 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+    #[cfg(webgl)]
     pub fn queue_copy_external_image_to_texture<A: HalApi>(
         &self,
         queue_id: QueueId,
diff --git a/wgpu-core/src/error.rs b/wgpu-core/src/error.rs
index aa9797fd42..a6e3d31587 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/src/error.rs
+++ b/wgpu-core/src/error.rs
@@ -162,21 +162,9 @@ pub fn format_pretty_any(
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct ContextError {
     pub string: &'static str,
-    #[cfg(any(
-        not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-        all(
-            feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-            not(target_feature = "atomics")
-        )
-    ))]
+    #[cfg(send_sync)]
     pub cause: Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync + 'static>,
-    #[cfg(not(any(
-        not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-        all(
-            feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-            not(target_feature = "atomics")
-        )
-    )))]
+    #[cfg(not(send_sync))]
     pub cause: Box<dyn Error + 'static>,
     pub label_key: &'static str,
     pub label: String,
diff --git a/wgpu-core/src/global.rs b/wgpu-core/src/global.rs
index 8cb4a9d64f..87271917c2 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/src/global.rs
+++ b/wgpu-core/src/global.rs
@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ use crate::{
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct GlobalReport {
     pub surfaces: RegistryReport,
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+    #[cfg(vulkan)]
     pub vulkan: Option<HubReport>,
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+    #[cfg(metal)]
     pub metal: Option<HubReport>,
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+    #[cfg(dx12)]
     pub dx12: Option<HubReport>,
-    #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+    #[cfg(gles)]
     pub gl: Option<HubReport>,
 }
 
@@ -32,13 +32,13 @@ impl GlobalReport {
     }
     pub fn hub_report(&self, backend: Backend) -> &HubReport {
         match backend {
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+            #[cfg(vulkan)]
             Backend::Vulkan => self.vulkan.as_ref().unwrap(),
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+            #[cfg(metal)]
             Backend::Metal => self.metal.as_ref().unwrap(),
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+            #[cfg(dx12)]
             Backend::Dx12 => self.dx12.as_ref().unwrap(),
-            #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+            #[cfg(gles)]
             Backend::Gl => self.gl.as_ref().unwrap(),
             _ => panic!("HubReport is not supported on this backend"),
         }
@@ -110,25 +110,25 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
     pub fn generate_report(&self) -> GlobalReport {
         GlobalReport {
             surfaces: self.surfaces.generate_report(),
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+            #[cfg(vulkan)]
             vulkan: if self.instance.vulkan.is_some() {
                 Some(self.hubs.vulkan.generate_report())
             } else {
                 None
             },
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+            #[cfg(metal)]
             metal: if self.instance.metal.is_some() {
                 Some(self.hubs.metal.generate_report())
             } else {
                 None
             },
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+            #[cfg(dx12)]
             dx12: if self.instance.dx12.is_some() {
                 Some(self.hubs.dx12.generate_report())
             } else {
                 None
             },
-            #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+            #[cfg(gles)]
             gl: if self.instance.gl.is_some() {
                 Some(self.hubs.gl.generate_report())
             } else {
@@ -145,19 +145,19 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Drop for Global<G> {
         let mut surfaces_locked = self.surfaces.write();
 
         // destroy hubs before the instance gets dropped
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+        #[cfg(vulkan)]
         {
             self.hubs.vulkan.clear(&surfaces_locked, true);
         }
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+        #[cfg(metal)]
         {
             self.hubs.metal.clear(&surfaces_locked, true);
         }
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+        #[cfg(dx12)]
         {
             self.hubs.dx12.clear(&surfaces_locked, true);
         }
-        #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+        #[cfg(gles)]
         {
             self.hubs.gl.clear(&surfaces_locked, true);
         }
@@ -175,16 +175,7 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Drop for Global<G> {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    test,
-    any(
-        not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-        all(
-            feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-            not(target_feature = "atomics")
-        )
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 fn _test_send_sync(global: &Global<crate::identity::IdentityManagerFactory>) {
     fn test_internal<T: Send + Sync>(_: T) {}
     test_internal(global)
diff --git a/wgpu-core/src/hal_api.rs b/wgpu-core/src/hal_api.rs
index a19b3c4bb7..d1dee98ed1 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/src/hal_api.rs
+++ b/wgpu-core/src/hal_api.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ impl HalApi for hal::api::Empty {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+#[cfg(vulkan)]
 impl HalApi for hal::api::Vulkan {
     const VARIANT: Backend = Backend::Vulkan;
     fn create_instance_from_hal(name: &str, hal_instance: Self::Instance) -> Instance {
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ impl HalApi for hal::api::Vulkan {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+#[cfg(metal)]
 impl HalApi for hal::api::Metal {
     const VARIANT: Backend = Backend::Metal;
     fn create_instance_from_hal(name: &str, hal_instance: Self::Instance) -> Instance {
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ impl HalApi for hal::api::Metal {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+#[cfg(dx12)]
 impl HalApi for hal::api::Dx12 {
     const VARIANT: Backend = Backend::Dx12;
     fn create_instance_from_hal(name: &str, hal_instance: Self::Instance) -> Instance {
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ impl HalApi for hal::api::Dx12 {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+#[cfg(gles)]
 impl HalApi for hal::api::Gles {
     const VARIANT: Backend = Backend::Gl;
     fn create_instance_from_hal(name: &str, hal_instance: Self::Instance) -> Instance {
diff --git a/wgpu-core/src/hub.rs b/wgpu-core/src/hub.rs
index a2f89f92df..22208fdf5f 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/src/hub.rs
+++ b/wgpu-core/src/hub.rs
@@ -302,40 +302,30 @@ impl<A: HalApi> Hub<A> {
 }
 
 pub struct Hubs {
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+    #[cfg(vulkan)]
     pub(crate) vulkan: Hub<hal::api::Vulkan>,
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+    #[cfg(metal)]
     pub(crate) metal: Hub<hal::api::Metal>,
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+    #[cfg(dx12)]
     pub(crate) dx12: Hub<hal::api::Dx12>,
-    #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+    #[cfg(gles)]
     pub(crate) gl: Hub<hal::api::Gles>,
-    #[cfg(all(
-        not(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32"))),
-        not(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios"))),
-        not(all(feature = "dx12", windows)),
-        not(feature = "gles"),
-    ))]
+    #[cfg(all(not(vulkan), not(metal), not(dx12), not(gles)))]
     pub(crate) empty: Hub<hal::api::Empty>,
 }
 
 impl Hubs {
     pub(crate) fn new<F: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory>(factory: &F) -> Self {
         Self {
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+            #[cfg(vulkan)]
             vulkan: Hub::new(factory),
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+            #[cfg(metal)]
             metal: Hub::new(factory),
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+            #[cfg(dx12)]
             dx12: Hub::new(factory),
-            #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+            #[cfg(gles)]
             gl: Hub::new(factory),
-            #[cfg(all(
-                not(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32"))),
-                not(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios"))),
-                not(all(feature = "dx12", windows)),
-                not(feature = "gles"),
-            ))]
+            #[cfg(all(not(vulkan), not(metal), not(dx12), not(gles)))]
             empty: Hub::new(factory),
         }
     }
diff --git a/wgpu-core/src/instance.rs b/wgpu-core/src/instance.rs
index 2101fb8edc..158a305772 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/src/instance.rs
+++ b/wgpu-core/src/instance.rs
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ fn downlevel_default_limits_less_than_default_limits() {
 pub struct Instance {
     #[allow(dead_code)]
     pub name: String,
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+    #[cfg(vulkan)]
     pub vulkan: Option<HalInstance<hal::api::Vulkan>>,
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+    #[cfg(metal)]
     pub metal: Option<HalInstance<hal::api::Metal>>,
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+    #[cfg(dx12)]
     pub dx12: Option<HalInstance<hal::api::Dx12>>,
-    #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+    #[cfg(gles)]
     pub gl: Option<HalInstance<hal::api::Gles>>,
     pub flags: wgt::InstanceFlags,
 }
@@ -105,13 +105,13 @@ impl Instance {
 
         Self {
             name: name.to_string(),
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+            #[cfg(vulkan)]
             vulkan: init(hal::api::Vulkan, &instance_desc),
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+            #[cfg(metal)]
             metal: init(hal::api::Metal, &instance_desc),
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+            #[cfg(dx12)]
             dx12: init(hal::api::Dx12, &instance_desc),
-            #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+            #[cfg(gles)]
             gl: init(hal::api::Gles, &instance_desc),
             flags: instance_desc.flags,
         }
@@ -134,13 +134,13 @@ impl Instance {
             }
         }
         match surface.raw.backend() {
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+            #[cfg(vulkan)]
             Backend::Vulkan => destroy(hal::api::Vulkan, &self.vulkan, surface.raw),
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+            #[cfg(metal)]
             Backend::Metal => destroy(hal::api::Metal, &self.metal, surface.raw),
-            #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+            #[cfg(dx12)]
             Backend::Dx12 => destroy(hal::api::Dx12, &self.dx12, surface.raw),
-            #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+            #[cfg(gles)]
             Backend::Gl => destroy(hal::api::Gles, &self.gl, surface.raw),
             _ => unreachable!(),
         }
@@ -497,22 +497,22 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
 
         let mut hal_surface: Option<Result<AnySurface, hal::InstanceError>> = None;
 
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+        #[cfg(vulkan)]
         if hal_surface.is_none() {
             hal_surface =
                 init::<hal::api::Vulkan>(&self.instance.vulkan, display_handle, window_handle);
         }
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+        #[cfg(metal)]
         if hal_surface.is_none() {
             hal_surface =
                 init::<hal::api::Metal>(&self.instance.metal, display_handle, window_handle);
         }
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+        #[cfg(dx12)]
         if hal_surface.is_none() {
             hal_surface =
                 init::<hal::api::Dx12>(&self.instance.dx12, display_handle, window_handle);
         }
-        #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+        #[cfg(gles)]
         if hal_surface.is_none() {
             hal_surface = init::<hal::api::Gles>(&self.instance.gl, display_handle, window_handle);
         }
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
     /// # Safety
     ///
     /// `layer` must be a valid pointer.
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+    #[cfg(metal)]
     pub unsafe fn instance_create_surface_metal(
         &self,
         layer: *mut std::ffi::c_void,
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
         id
     }
 
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+    #[cfg(dx12)]
     /// # Safety
     ///
     /// The visual must be valid and able to be used to make a swapchain with.
@@ -596,7 +596,7 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
         id
     }
 
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+    #[cfg(dx12)]
     /// # Safety
     ///
     /// The surface_handle must be valid and able to be used to make a swapchain with.
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
         id
     }
 
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+    #[cfg(dx12)]
     /// # Safety
     ///
     /// The swap_chain_panel must be valid and able to be used to make a swapchain with.
@@ -683,13 +683,13 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
         let surface = self.surfaces.unregister(id);
         if let Some(surface) = Arc::into_inner(surface.unwrap()) {
             if let Some(present) = surface.presentation.lock().take() {
-                #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+                #[cfg(vulkan)]
                 unconfigure::<_, hal::api::Vulkan>(self, &surface.raw, &present);
-                #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+                #[cfg(metal)]
                 unconfigure::<_, hal::api::Metal>(self, &surface.raw, &present);
-                #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+                #[cfg(dx12)]
                 unconfigure::<_, hal::api::Dx12>(self, &surface.raw, &present);
-                #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+                #[cfg(gles)]
                 unconfigure::<_, hal::api::Gles>(self, &surface.raw, &present);
             }
 
@@ -733,23 +733,23 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
 
         let mut adapters = Vec::new();
 
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+        #[cfg(vulkan)]
         self.enumerate(
             hal::api::Vulkan,
             &self.instance.vulkan,
             &inputs,
             &mut adapters,
         );
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+        #[cfg(metal)]
         self.enumerate(
             hal::api::Metal,
             &self.instance.metal,
             &inputs,
             &mut adapters,
         );
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+        #[cfg(dx12)]
         self.enumerate(hal::api::Dx12, &self.instance.dx12, &inputs, &mut adapters);
-        #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+        #[cfg(gles)]
         self.enumerate(hal::api::Gles, &self.instance.gl, &inputs, &mut adapters);
 
         adapters
@@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
         let compatible_surface = compatible_surface.as_ref().map(|surface| surface.as_ref());
         let mut device_types = Vec::new();
 
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+        #[cfg(vulkan)]
         let (id_vulkan, adapters_vk) = gather(
             hal::api::Vulkan,
             self.instance.vulkan.as_ref(),
@@ -840,7 +840,7 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
             desc.force_fallback_adapter,
             &mut device_types,
         );
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+        #[cfg(metal)]
         let (id_metal, adapters_metal) = gather(
             hal::api::Metal,
             self.instance.metal.as_ref(),
@@ -849,7 +849,7 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
             desc.force_fallback_adapter,
             &mut device_types,
         );
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+        #[cfg(dx12)]
         let (id_dx12, adapters_dx12) = gather(
             hal::api::Dx12,
             self.instance.dx12.as_ref(),
@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
             desc.force_fallback_adapter,
             &mut device_types,
         );
-        #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+        #[cfg(gles)]
         let (id_gl, adapters_gl) = gather(
             hal::api::Gles,
             self.instance.gl.as_ref(),
@@ -919,19 +919,19 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
         };
 
         let mut selected = preferred_gpu.unwrap_or(0);
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+        #[cfg(vulkan)]
         if let Some(id) = self.select(&mut selected, id_vulkan, adapters_vk) {
             return Ok(id);
         }
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+        #[cfg(metal)]
         if let Some(id) = self.select(&mut selected, id_metal, adapters_metal) {
             return Ok(id);
         }
-        #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+        #[cfg(dx12)]
         if let Some(id) = self.select(&mut selected, id_dx12, adapters_dx12) {
             return Ok(id);
         }
-        #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+        #[cfg(gles)]
         if let Some(id) = self.select(&mut selected, id_gl, adapters_gl) {
             return Ok(id);
         }
@@ -955,13 +955,13 @@ impl<G: GlobalIdentityHandlerFactory> Global<G> {
 
         let (id, _adapter): (crate::id::Id<Adapter<hal::empty::Api>>, Arc<Adapter<A>>) =
             match A::VARIANT {
-                #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+                #[cfg(vulkan)]
                 Backend::Vulkan => fid.assign(Adapter::new(hal_adapter)),
-                #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+                #[cfg(metal)]
                 Backend::Metal => fid.assign(Adapter::new(hal_adapter)),
-                #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+                #[cfg(dx12)]
                 Backend::Dx12 => fid.assign(Adapter::new(hal_adapter)),
-                #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+                #[cfg(gles)]
                 Backend::Gl => fid.assign(Adapter::new(hal_adapter)),
                 _ => unreachable!(),
             };
diff --git a/wgpu-core/src/resource.rs b/wgpu-core/src/resource.rs
index d88e6947b3..0d337d12c0 100644
--- a/wgpu-core/src/resource.rs
+++ b/wgpu-core/src/resource.rs
@@ -203,21 +203,9 @@ pub(crate) enum BufferMapState<A: HalApi> {
     Idle,
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl<A: HalApi> Send for BufferMapState<A> {}
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl<A: HalApi> Sync for BufferMapState<A> {}
 
 #[repr(C)]
@@ -226,13 +214,7 @@ pub struct BufferMapCallbackC {
     pub user_data: *mut u8,
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for BufferMapCallbackC {}
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -242,21 +224,9 @@ pub struct BufferMapCallback {
     inner: BufferMapCallbackInner,
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 type BufferMapCallbackCallback = Box<dyn FnOnce(BufferAccessResult) + Send + 'static>;
-#[cfg(not(any(
-    not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
-    all(
-        feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-        not(target_feature = "atomics")
-    )
-)))]
+#[cfg(not(send_sync))]
 type BufferMapCallbackCallback = Box<dyn FnOnce(BufferAccessResult) + 'static>;
 
 enum BufferMapCallbackInner {
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/Cargo.toml b/wgpu-hal/Cargo.toml
index fec81b456a..36796b33d8 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/Cargo.toml
+++ b/wgpu-hal/Cargo.toml
@@ -160,6 +160,9 @@ path = "../naga"
 version = "0.14.0"
 features = ["clone"]
 
+[build-dependencies]
+cfg_aliases.workspace = true
+
 # DEV dependencies
 [dev-dependencies.naga]
 path = "../naga"
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/build.rs b/wgpu-hal/build.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7d17591605
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wgpu-hal/build.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+fn main() {
+    cfg_aliases::cfg_aliases! {
+        native: { not(target_arch = "wasm32") },
+        send_sync: { any(
+            not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
+            all(feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm", not(target_feature = "atomics"))
+        ) },
+        webgl: { all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten"), gles) },
+        Emscripten: { all(target_os = "emscripten", gles) },
+        dx12: { all(target_os = "windows", feature = "dx12") },
+        gles: { all(feature = "gles") },
+        metal: { all(any(target_os = "ios", target_os = "macos"), feature = "metal") },
+        vulkan: { all(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), feature = "vulkan") }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/src/auxil/dxgi/factory.rs b/wgpu-hal/src/auxil/dxgi/factory.rs
index 2d09f44a75..269329304f 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/src/auxil/dxgi/factory.rs
+++ b/wgpu-hal/src/auxil/dxgi/factory.rs
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ use super::result::HResult as _;
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
 pub enum DxgiFactoryType {
-    #[cfg(feature = "dx11")]
-    Factory1,
     Factory2,
     Factory4,
     Factory6,
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/src/auxil/mod.rs b/wgpu-hal/src/auxil/mod.rs
index 5e45c1f2b6..f70a8bbe03 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/src/auxil/mod.rs
+++ b/wgpu-hal/src/auxil/mod.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-#[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+#[cfg(dx12)]
 pub(super) mod dxgi;
 
-#[cfg(all(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), feature = "renderdoc"))]
+#[cfg(all(native, feature = "renderdoc"))]
 pub(super) mod renderdoc;
 
 pub mod db {
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/src/empty.rs b/wgpu-hal/src/empty.rs
index 9fd42bd6f5..12f86e6f31 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/src/empty.rs
+++ b/wgpu-hal/src/empty.rs
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ impl crate::CommandEncoder<Api> for Encoder {
 
     unsafe fn copy_buffer_to_buffer<T>(&mut self, src: &Resource, dst: &Resource, regions: T) {}
 
-    #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+    #[cfg(webgl)]
     unsafe fn copy_external_image_to_texture<T>(
         &mut self,
         src: &wgt::ImageCopyExternalImage,
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/adapter.rs b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/adapter.rs
index 6d9b461530..5f92d2c4ab 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/adapter.rs
+++ b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/adapter.rs
@@ -198,14 +198,14 @@ impl super::Adapter {
         let (vendor_const, renderer_const) = if extensions.contains("WEBGL_debug_renderer_info") {
             // emscripten doesn't enable "WEBGL_debug_renderer_info" extension by default. so, we do it manually.
             // See https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/issues/3245 for context
-            #[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+            #[cfg(Emscripten)]
             if unsafe { super::emscripten::enable_extension("WEBGL_debug_renderer_info\0") } {
                 (GL_UNMASKED_VENDOR_WEBGL, GL_UNMASKED_RENDERER_WEBGL)
             } else {
                 (glow::VENDOR, glow::RENDERER)
             }
             // glow already enables WEBGL_debug_renderer_info on wasm32-unknown-unknown target by default.
-            #[cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))]
+            #[cfg(not(Emscripten))]
             (GL_UNMASKED_VENDOR_WEBGL, GL_UNMASKED_RENDERER_WEBGL)
         } else {
             (glow::VENDOR, glow::RENDERER)
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ impl super::Adapter {
                 let value = sl_major as u16 * 100 + sl_minor as u16 * 10;
                 naga::back::glsl::Version::Embedded {
                     version: value,
-                    is_webgl: cfg!(target_arch = "wasm32"),
+                    is_webgl: cfg!(any(webgl, Emscripten)),
                 }
             }
         };
@@ -407,16 +407,16 @@ impl super::Adapter {
         }
         downlevel_flags.set(
             wgt::DownlevelFlags::BUFFER_BINDINGS_NOT_16_BYTE_ALIGNED,
-            !(cfg!(target_arch = "wasm32") || is_angle),
+            !(cfg!(any(webgl, Emscripten)) || is_angle),
         );
         // see https://registry.khronos.org/webgl/specs/latest/2.0/#BUFFER_OBJECT_BINDING
         downlevel_flags.set(
             wgt::DownlevelFlags::UNRESTRICTED_INDEX_BUFFER,
-            !cfg!(target_arch = "wasm32"),
+            !cfg!(any(webgl, Emscripten)),
         );
         downlevel_flags.set(
             wgt::DownlevelFlags::UNRESTRICTED_EXTERNAL_TEXTURE_COPIES,
-            !cfg!(target_arch = "wasm32"),
+            !cfg!(any(webgl, Emscripten)),
         );
         downlevel_flags.set(
             wgt::DownlevelFlags::FULL_DRAW_INDEX_UINT32,
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ impl super::Adapter {
             "EXT_texture_compression_rgtc",
             "EXT_texture_compression_bptc",
         ];
-        let bcn_exts = if cfg!(target_arch = "wasm32") {
+        let bcn_exts = if cfg!(any(webgl, Emscripten)) {
             &webgl_bcn_exts[..]
         } else if es_ver.is_some() {
             &gles_bcn_exts[..]
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ impl super::Adapter {
             wgt::Features::TEXTURE_COMPRESSION_BC,
             bcn_exts.iter().all(|&ext| extensions.contains(ext)),
         );
-        let has_etc = if cfg!(target_arch = "wasm32") {
+        let has_etc = if cfg!(any(webgl, Emscripten)) {
             extensions.contains("WEBGL_compressed_texture_etc")
         } else {
             // This is a required part of GLES3, but not part of Desktop GL at all.
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ impl super::Adapter {
         if extensions.contains("WEBGL_compressed_texture_astc")
             || extensions.contains("GL_OES_texture_compression_astc")
         {
-            #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+            #[cfg(webgl)]
             {
                 if context
                     .glow_context
@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ impl super::Adapter {
                 }
             }
 
-            #[cfg(any(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), target_os = "emscripten"))]
+            #[cfg(any(native, Emscripten))]
             {
                 features.insert(wgt::Features::TEXTURE_COMPRESSION_ASTC);
                 features.insert(wgt::Features::TEXTURE_COMPRESSION_ASTC_HDR);
@@ -582,11 +582,11 @@ impl super::Adapter {
         );
         private_caps.set(
             super::PrivateCapabilities::INDEX_BUFFER_ROLE_CHANGE,
-            !cfg!(target_arch = "wasm32"),
+            !cfg!(any(webgl, Emscripten)),
         );
         private_caps.set(
             super::PrivateCapabilities::GET_BUFFER_SUB_DATA,
-            cfg!(target_arch = "wasm32") || full_ver.is_some(),
+            cfg!(any(webgl, Emscripten)) || full_ver.is_some(),
         );
         let color_buffer_float = extensions.contains("GL_EXT_color_buffer_float")
             || extensions.contains("GL_ARB_color_buffer_float")
@@ -759,7 +759,7 @@ impl super::Adapter {
 
         workarounds.set(
             super::Workarounds::EMULATE_BUFFER_MAP,
-            cfg!(target_arch = "wasm32"),
+            cfg!(any(webgl, Emscripten)),
         );
 
         let r = renderer.to_lowercase();
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@ impl crate::Adapter<super::Api> for super::Adapter {
             device: super::Device {
                 shared: Arc::clone(&self.shared),
                 main_vao,
-                #[cfg(all(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), feature = "renderdoc"))]
+                #[cfg(all(native, feature = "renderdoc"))]
                 render_doc: Default::default(),
             },
             queue: super::Queue {
@@ -1112,13 +1112,13 @@ impl crate::Adapter<super::Api> for super::Adapter {
         if surface.presentable {
             let mut formats = vec![
                 wgt::TextureFormat::Rgba8Unorm,
-                #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+                #[cfg(native)]
                 wgt::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm,
             ];
             if surface.supports_srgb() {
                 formats.extend([
                     wgt::TextureFormat::Rgba8UnormSrgb,
-                    #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+                    #[cfg(native)]
                     wgt::TextureFormat::Bgra8UnormSrgb,
                 ])
             }
@@ -1178,17 +1178,9 @@ impl super::AdapterShared {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for super::Adapter {}
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for super::Adapter {}
 
 #[cfg(test)]
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/command.rs b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/command.rs
index fee08f201b..08083894c3 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/command.rs
+++ b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/command.rs
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ impl crate::CommandEncoder<super::Api> for super::CommandEncoder {
         }
     }
 
-    #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+    #[cfg(webgl)]
     unsafe fn copy_external_image_to_texture<T>(
         &mut self,
         src: &wgt::ImageCopyExternalImage,
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ impl crate::CommandEncoder<super::Api> for super::CommandEncoder {
             .iter()
             .filter_map(|at| at.as_ref())
             .any(|at| match at.target.view.inner {
-                #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+                #[cfg(webgl)]
                 super::TextureInner::ExternalFramebuffer { .. } => true,
                 _ => false,
             });
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/device.rs b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/device.rs
index 8cc2a95756..d0abe2c169 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/device.rs
+++ b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/device.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use std::{
 };
 
 use arrayvec::ArrayVec;
-#[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+#[cfg(native)]
 use std::mem;
 use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ impl super::Device {
     /// - If `drop_guard` is [`None`], wgpu-hal will take ownership of the texture. If `drop_guard` is
     ///   [`Some`], the texture must be valid until the drop implementation
     ///   of the drop guard is called.
-    #[cfg(any(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), target_os = "emscripten"))]
+    #[cfg(any(native, Emscripten))]
     pub unsafe fn texture_from_raw(
         &self,
         name: std::num::NonZeroU32,
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ impl super::Device {
     /// - If `drop_guard` is [`None`], wgpu-hal will take ownership of the renderbuffer. If `drop_guard` is
     ///   [`Some`], the renderbuffer must be valid until the drop implementation
     ///   of the drop guard is called.
-    #[cfg(any(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), target_os = "emscripten"))]
+    #[cfg(any(native, Emscripten))]
     pub unsafe fn texture_from_raw_renderbuffer(
         &self,
         name: std::num::NonZeroU32,
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ impl super::Device {
         };
 
         let raw = unsafe { gl.create_shader(target) }.unwrap();
-        #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+        #[cfg(native)]
         if gl.supports_debug() {
             //TODO: remove all transmutes from `object_label`
             // https://github.com/grovesNL/glow/issues/186
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ impl super::Device {
             naga::back::glsl::Version::Desktop(version) => format!("{version}"),
         };
         let program = unsafe { gl.create_program() }.unwrap();
-        #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+        #[cfg(native)]
         if let Some(label) = label {
             if private_caps.contains(PrivateCapabilities::DEBUG_FNS) {
                 let name = unsafe { mem::transmute(program) };
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ impl crate::Device<super::Api> for super::Device {
         }
         //TODO: do we need `glow::MAP_UNSYNCHRONIZED_BIT`?
 
-        #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+        #[cfg(native)]
         if let Some(label) = desc.label {
             if self
                 .shared
@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@ impl crate::Device<super::Api> for super::Device {
                 };
             }
 
-            #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+            #[cfg(native)]
             if let Some(label) = desc.label {
                 if self
                     .shared
@@ -902,7 +902,7 @@ impl crate::Device<super::Api> for super::Device {
                 };
             }
 
-            #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+            #[cfg(native)]
             if let Some(label) = desc.label {
                 if self
                     .shared
@@ -939,7 +939,7 @@ impl crate::Device<super::Api> for super::Device {
                 super::TextureInner::Texture { raw, .. } => {
                     unsafe { gl.delete_texture(raw) };
                 }
-                #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+                #[cfg(webgl)]
                 super::TextureInner::ExternalFramebuffer { .. } => {}
             }
         }
@@ -1045,7 +1045,7 @@ impl crate::Device<super::Api> for super::Device {
             };
         }
 
-        #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+        #[cfg(native)]
         if let Some(label) = desc.label {
             if self
                 .shared
@@ -1432,7 +1432,7 @@ impl crate::Device<super::Api> for super::Device {
     ) -> Result<bool, crate::DeviceError> {
         if fence.last_completed < wait_value {
             let gl = &self.shared.context.lock();
-            let timeout_ns = if cfg!(target_arch = "wasm32") {
+            let timeout_ns = if cfg!(any(webgl, Emscripten)) {
                 0
             } else {
                 (timeout_ms as u64 * 1_000_000).min(!0u32 as u64)
@@ -1446,7 +1446,7 @@ impl crate::Device<super::Api> for super::Device {
                     gl.client_wait_sync(sync, glow::SYNC_FLUSH_COMMANDS_BIT, timeout_ns as i32)
                 } {
                     // for some reason firefox returns WAIT_FAILED, to investigate
-                    #[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+                    #[cfg(any(webgl, Emscripten))]
                     glow::WAIT_FAILED => {
                         log::warn!("wait failed!");
                         Ok(false)
@@ -1461,7 +1461,7 @@ impl crate::Device<super::Api> for super::Device {
     }
 
     unsafe fn start_capture(&self) -> bool {
-        #[cfg(all(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), feature = "renderdoc"))]
+        #[cfg(all(native, feature = "renderdoc"))]
         return unsafe {
             self.render_doc
                 .start_frame_capture(self.shared.context.raw_context(), ptr::null_mut())
@@ -1470,7 +1470,7 @@ impl crate::Device<super::Api> for super::Device {
         false
     }
     unsafe fn stop_capture(&self) {
-        #[cfg(all(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), feature = "renderdoc"))]
+        #[cfg(all(native, feature = "renderdoc"))]
         unsafe {
             self.render_doc
                 .end_frame_capture(ptr::null_mut(), ptr::null_mut())
@@ -1497,15 +1497,7 @@ impl crate::Device<super::Api> for super::Device {
     unsafe fn destroy_acceleration_structure(&self, _acceleration_structure: ()) {}
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for super::Device {}
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for super::Device {}
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/egl.rs b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/egl.rs
index bda33f35c0..ef0ff4b6f3 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/egl.rs
+++ b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/egl.rs
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ type WlDisplayConnectFun =
 
 type WlDisplayDisconnectFun = unsafe extern "system" fn(display: *const raw::c_void);
 
-#[cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))]
+#[cfg(not(Emscripten))]
 type EglInstance = khronos_egl::DynamicInstance<khronos_egl::EGL1_4>;
 
-#[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+#[cfg(Emscripten)]
 type EglInstance = khronos_egl::Instance<khronos_egl::Static>;
 
 type WlEglWindowCreateFun = unsafe extern "system" fn(
@@ -434,9 +434,9 @@ struct Inner {
     version: (i32, i32),
     supports_native_window: bool,
     config: khronos_egl::Config,
-    #[cfg_attr(target_os = "emscripten", allow(dead_code))]
+    #[cfg_attr(Emscripten, allow(dead_code))]
     wl_display: Option<*mut raw::c_void>,
-    #[cfg_attr(target_os = "emscripten", allow(dead_code))]
+    #[cfg_attr(Emscripten, allow(dead_code))]
     force_gles_minor_version: wgt::Gles3MinorVersion,
     /// Method by which the framebuffer should support srgb
     srgb_kind: SrgbFrameBufferKind,
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ impl Inner {
         // and creating dummy pbuffer surface if not.
         let pbuffer = if version >= (1, 5)
             || display_extensions.contains("EGL_KHR_surfaceless_context")
-            || cfg!(target_os = "emscripten")
+            || cfg!(Emscripten)
         {
             log::debug!("\tEGL context: +surfaceless");
             None
@@ -675,11 +675,11 @@ unsafe impl Sync for Instance {}
 impl crate::Instance<super::Api> for Instance {
     unsafe fn init(desc: &crate::InstanceDescriptor) -> Result<Self, crate::InstanceError> {
         profiling::scope!("Init OpenGL (EGL) Backend");
-        #[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+        #[cfg(Emscripten)]
         let egl_result: Result<EglInstance, khronos_egl::Error> =
             Ok(khronos_egl::Instance::new(khronos_egl::Static));
 
-        #[cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))]
+        #[cfg(not(Emscripten))]
         let egl_result = if cfg!(windows) {
             unsafe {
                 khronos_egl::DynamicInstance::<khronos_egl::EGL1_4>::load_required_from_filename(
@@ -732,10 +732,10 @@ impl crate::Instance<super::Api> for Instance {
             None
         };
 
-        #[cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))]
+        #[cfg(not(Emscripten))]
         let egl1_5 = egl.upcast::<khronos_egl::EGL1_5>();
 
-        #[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+        #[cfg(Emscripten)]
         let egl1_5: Option<&Arc<EglInstance>> = Some(&egl);
 
         let (display, display_owner, wsi_kind) =
@@ -842,10 +842,7 @@ impl crate::Instance<super::Api> for Instance {
     ) -> Result<Surface, crate::InstanceError> {
         use raw_window_handle::RawWindowHandle as Rwh;
 
-        #[cfg_attr(
-            any(target_os = "android", target_os = "emscripten"),
-            allow(unused_mut)
-        )]
+        #[cfg_attr(any(target_os = "android", Emscripten), allow(unused_mut))]
         let mut inner = self.inner.lock();
 
         match (window_handle, display_handle) {
@@ -875,7 +872,7 @@ impl crate::Instance<super::Api> for Instance {
                     )));
                 }
             }
-            #[cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))]
+            #[cfg(not(Emscripten))]
             (Rwh::Wayland(_), raw_window_handle::RawDisplayHandle::Wayland(display_handle)) => {
                 if inner
                     .wl_display
@@ -920,7 +917,7 @@ impl crate::Instance<super::Api> for Instance {
                     drop(old_inner);
                 }
             }
-            #[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+            #[cfg(Emscripten)]
             (Rwh::Web(_), _) => {}
             other => {
                 return Err(crate::InstanceError::new(format!(
@@ -1172,7 +1169,7 @@ impl crate::Surface<super::Api> for Surface {
                         wl_window = Some(window);
                         window
                     }
-                    #[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+                    #[cfg(Emscripten)]
                     (WindowKind::Unknown, Rwh::Web(handle)) => handle.id as *mut std::ffi::c_void,
                     (WindowKind::Unknown, Rwh::Win32(handle)) => {
                         handle.hwnd.get() as *mut std::ffi::c_void
@@ -1229,10 +1226,10 @@ impl crate::Surface<super::Api> for Surface {
                 }
                 attributes.push(khronos_egl::ATTRIB_NONE as i32);
 
-                #[cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))]
+                #[cfg(not(Emscripten))]
                 let egl1_5 = self.egl.instance.upcast::<khronos_egl::EGL1_5>();
 
-                #[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+                #[cfg(Emscripten)]
                 let egl1_5: Option<&Arc<EglInstance>> = Some(&self.egl.instance);
 
                 // Careful, we can still be in 1.4 version even if `upcast` succeeds
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/mod.rs b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/mod.rs
index 7021c3e12d..701b13fb57 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/mod.rs
+++ b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/mod.rs
@@ -82,11 +82,11 @@ we don't bother with that combination.
 */
 
 ///cbindgen:ignore
-#[cfg(not(any(windows, all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))))]
+#[cfg(not(any(windows, webgl)))]
 mod egl;
-#[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+#[cfg(Emscripten)]
 mod emscripten;
-#[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+#[cfg(webgl)]
 mod web;
 #[cfg(windows)]
 mod wgl;
@@ -99,14 +99,14 @@ mod queue;
 
 use crate::{CopyExtent, TextureDescriptor};
 
-#[cfg(not(any(windows, all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))))]
+#[cfg(not(any(windows, webgl)))]
 pub use self::egl::{AdapterContext, AdapterContextLock};
-#[cfg(not(any(windows, all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))))]
+#[cfg(not(any(windows, webgl)))]
 use self::egl::{Instance, Surface};
 
-#[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+#[cfg(webgl)]
 pub use self::web::AdapterContext;
-#[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+#[cfg(webgl)]
 use self::web::{Instance, Surface};
 
 #[cfg(windows)]
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ pub struct Adapter {
 pub struct Device {
     shared: Arc<AdapterShared>,
     main_vao: glow::VertexArray,
-    #[cfg(all(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), feature = "renderdoc"))]
+    #[cfg(all(native, feature = "renderdoc"))]
     render_doc: crate::auxil::renderdoc::RenderDoc,
 }
 
@@ -291,17 +291,9 @@ pub struct Buffer {
     data: Option<Arc<std::sync::Mutex<Vec<u8>>>>,
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for Buffer {}
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for Buffer {}
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -314,23 +306,15 @@ pub enum TextureInner {
         raw: glow::Texture,
         target: BindTarget,
     },
-    #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+    #[cfg(webgl)]
     ExternalFramebuffer {
         inner: web_sys::WebGlFramebuffer,
     },
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for TextureInner {}
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for TextureInner {}
 
 impl TextureInner {
@@ -340,7 +324,7 @@ impl TextureInner {
                 panic!("Unexpected renderbuffer");
             }
             Self::Texture { raw, target } => (raw, target),
-            #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+            #[cfg(webgl)]
             Self::ExternalFramebuffer { .. } => panic!("Unexpected external framebuffer"),
         }
     }
@@ -524,17 +508,9 @@ struct PushConstantDesc {
     size_bytes: u32,
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for PushConstantDesc {}
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for PushConstantDesc {}
 
 /// For each texture in the pipeline layout, store the index of the only
@@ -602,17 +578,9 @@ pub struct RenderPipeline {
     alpha_to_coverage_enabled: bool,
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for RenderPipeline {}
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for RenderPipeline {}
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -620,17 +588,9 @@ pub struct ComputePipeline {
     inner: Arc<PipelineInner>,
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for ComputePipeline {}
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for ComputePipeline {}
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -792,7 +752,7 @@ enum Command {
         dst_target: BindTarget,
         copy: crate::BufferCopy,
     },
-    #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+    #[cfg(webgl)]
     CopyExternalImageToTexture {
         src: wgt::ImageCopyExternalImage,
         dst: glow::Texture,
@@ -951,17 +911,9 @@ impl fmt::Debug for CommandBuffer {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for CommandBuffer {}
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for CommandBuffer {}
 
 //TODO: we would have something like `Arc<typed_arena::Arena>`
@@ -982,20 +934,12 @@ impl fmt::Debug for CommandEncoder {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for CommandEncoder {}
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for CommandEncoder {}
 
-#[cfg(not(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten"))))]
+#[cfg(not(webgl))]
 fn gl_debug_message_callback(source: u32, gltype: u32, id: u32, severity: u32, message: &str) {
     let source_str = match source {
         glow::DEBUG_SOURCE_API => "API",
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/queue.rs b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/queue.rs
index 4ee6fb8e47..5a4deb8e1a 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/queue.rs
+++ b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/queue.rs
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ impl super::Queue {
             super::TextureInner::Texture { raw, target } => {
                 let num_layers = view.array_layers.end - view.array_layers.start;
                 if num_layers > 1 {
-                    #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", target_os = "unknown"))]
+                    #[cfg(webgl)]
                     unsafe {
                         gl.framebuffer_texture_multiview_ovr(
                             fbo_target,
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ impl super::Queue {
                     };
                 }
             }
-            #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+            #[cfg(webgl)]
             super::TextureInner::ExternalFramebuffer { ref inner } => unsafe {
                 gl.bind_external_framebuffer(glow::FRAMEBUFFER, inner);
             },
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ impl super::Queue {
                     unsafe { gl.bind_buffer(copy_dst_target, None) };
                 }
             }
-            #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+            #[cfg(webgl)]
             C::CopyExternalImageToTexture {
                 ref src,
                 dst,
@@ -1805,15 +1805,7 @@ impl crate::Queue<super::Api> for super::Queue {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for super::Queue {}
-#[cfg(all(
-    target_arch = "wasm32",
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for super::Queue {}
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/web.rs b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/web.rs
index cdbe4543d1..797d6f91d7 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/src/gles/web.rs
+++ b/wgpu-hal/src/gles/web.rs
@@ -111,15 +111,9 @@ impl Instance {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for Instance {}
-#[cfg(all(
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for Instance {}
 
 impl crate::Instance<super::Api> for Instance {
@@ -210,15 +204,9 @@ impl Clone for Surface {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Sync for Surface {}
-#[cfg(all(
-    feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm",
-    not(target_feature = "atomics")
-))]
+#[cfg(send_sync)]
 unsafe impl Send for Surface {}
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs b/wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs
index 39037e895c..7bd6eb77bb 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs
+++ b/wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs
@@ -52,30 +52,30 @@
 )]
 
 /// DirectX12 API internals.
-#[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+#[cfg(dx12)]
 pub mod dx12;
 /// A dummy API implementation.
 pub mod empty;
 /// GLES API internals.
-#[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+#[cfg(gles)]
 pub mod gles;
 /// Metal API internals.
-#[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+#[cfg(metal)]
 pub mod metal;
 /// Vulkan API internals.
-#[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+#[cfg(vulkan)]
 pub mod vulkan;
 
 pub mod auxil;
 pub mod api {
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "dx12", windows))]
+    #[cfg(dx12)]
     pub use super::dx12::Api as Dx12;
     pub use super::empty::Api as Empty;
-    #[cfg(feature = "gles")]
+    #[cfg(gles)]
     pub use super::gles::Api as Gles;
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "metal", any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+    #[cfg(metal)]
     pub use super::metal::Api as Metal;
-    #[cfg(all(feature = "vulkan", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+    #[cfg(vulkan)]
     pub use super::vulkan::Api as Vulkan;
 }
 
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ pub trait CommandEncoder<A: Api>: WasmNotSendSync + fmt::Debug {
     /// Works with a single array layer.
     /// Note: `dst` current usage has to be `TextureUses::COPY_DST`.
     /// Note: the copy extent is in physical size (rounded to the block size)
-    #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
+    #[cfg(webgl)]
     unsafe fn copy_external_image_to_texture<T>(
         &mut self,
         src: &wgt::ImageCopyExternalImage,
diff --git a/wgpu-hal/src/vulkan/instance.rs b/wgpu-hal/src/vulkan/instance.rs
index e9ca3221ea..179842c1e5 100644
--- a/wgpu-hal/src/vulkan/instance.rs
+++ b/wgpu-hal/src/vulkan/instance.rs
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ impl super::Instance {
         Ok(self.create_surface_from_vk_surface_khr(surface))
     }
 
-    #[cfg(all(any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios"), feature = "metal"))]
+    #[cfg(metal)]
     fn create_surface_from_view(
         &self,
         view: *mut c_void,
diff --git a/wgpu/build.rs b/wgpu/build.rs
index b419deee24..97e17e687c 100644
--- a/wgpu/build.rs
+++ b/wgpu/build.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ fn main() {
         native: { not(target_arch = "wasm32") },
         webgl: { all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten"), feature = "webgl") },
         webgpu: { all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "emscripten"), not(feature = "webgl")) },
-        emscripten: { all(target_arch = "wasm32", target_os = "emscripten") },
+        Emscripten: { all(target_arch = "wasm32", target_os = "emscripten") },
         send_sync: { any(
             not(target_arch = "wasm32"),
             all(feature = "fragile-send-sync-non-atomic-wasm", not(target_feature = "atomics"))
diff --git a/wgpu/src/backend/direct.rs b/wgpu/src/backend/direct.rs
index 05a0db4263..e172b5128a 100644
--- a/wgpu/src/backend/direct.rs
+++ b/wgpu/src/backend/direct.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#![allow(clippy::mismatched_target_os)]
-
 use crate::{
     context::{ObjectId, Unused},
     AdapterInfo, BindGroupDescriptor, BindGroupLayoutDescriptor, BindingResource, BufferBinding,
@@ -1398,9 +1396,9 @@ impl crate::Context for Context {
             Err(e) => panic!("Error in Device::create_render_bundle_encoder: {e}"),
         }
     }
-    #[cfg_attr(not(any(native, emscripten)), allow(unused))]
+    #[cfg_attr(not(any(native, Emscripten)), allow(unused))]
     fn device_drop(&self, device: &Self::DeviceId, _device_data: &Self::DeviceData) {
-        #[cfg(any(native, emscripten))]
+        #[cfg(any(native, Emscripten))]
         {
             let global = &self.0;
             match wgc::gfx_select!(device => global.device_poll(*device, wgt::Maintain::Wait)) {