feat(api): add ComponentEncoder

ComponentEncoder is akin to ComponentSerializer, except it doesn't
provide deserialization. This is intended to be used in #898.

ComponentSerializer now extends ComponentEncoder, but still overrides
the methods with exact copies, to keep the javadocs more clear.
These originals also retain their old `@since` tags.

api/src/main/java/net/kyori/adventure/text/encoder/ComponentEncoder.java

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of adventure, licensed under the MIT License.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2017-2023 KyoriPowered
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+package net.kyori.adventure.text.encoder;
+
+import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Contract;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * A {@link Component} encoder, which provides serialization, but without deserialization.
+ *
+ * <p>For both serialization and deserialization, use {@link net.kyori.adventure.text.serializer.ComponentSerializer}</p>
+ *
+ * @param <I> the input component type
+ * @param <R> the serialized type
+ * @since 4.14.0
+ */
+public interface ComponentEncoder<I extends Component, R> {
+  /**
+   * Serializes a component into an output of type {@code R}.
+   *
+   * @param component the component
+   * @return the output
+   * @since 4.14.0
+   */
+  @NotNull R serialize(final @NotNull I component);
+
+  /**
+   * Serializes a component into an output of type {@code R}.
+   *
+   * <p>If {@code component} is {@code null}, then {@code null} will be returned.</p>
+   *
+   * @param component the component
+   * @return the output if {@code component} is non-null, otherwise {@code null}
+   * @since 4.14.0
+   */
+  @Contract(value = "!null -> !null; null -> null", pure = true)
+  default @Nullable R serializeOrNull(final @Nullable I component) {
+    return this.serializeOr(component, null);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Serializes a component into an output of type {@code R}.
+   *
+   * <p>If {@code component} is {@code null}, then {@code fallback} will be returned.</p>
+   *
+   * @param component the component
+   * @param fallback the fallback value
+   * @return the output if {@code component} is non-null, otherwise {@code fallback}
+   * @since 4.14.0
+   */
+  @Contract(value = "!null, _ -> !null; null, _ -> param2", pure = true)
+  default @Nullable R serializeOr(final @Nullable I component, final @Nullable R fallback) {
+    if (component == null) return fallback;
+
+    return this.serialize(component);
+  }
+}

api/src/main/java/net/kyori/adventure/text/encoder/package-info.java

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of adventure, licensed under the MIT License.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2023 KyoriPowered
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+/**
+ * Serialization for components.
+ */
+package net.kyori.adventure.text.encoder;

api/src/main/java/net/kyori/adventure/text/serializer/ComponentSerializer.java

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 package net.kyori.adventure.text.serializer;
 
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
+import net.kyori.adventure.text.encoder.ComponentEncoder;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Contract;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@
  * @param <R> the serialized type
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
-public interface ComponentSerializer<I extends Component, O extends Component, R> {
+public interface ComponentSerializer<I extends Component, O extends Component, R> extends ComponentEncoder<I, R> {
   /**
    * Deserialize a component from input of type {@code R}.
    *
@@ -102,6 +103,7 @@ public interface ComponentSerializer<I extends Component, O extends Component, R
    * @return the output
    * @since 4.0.0
    */
+  @Override
   @NotNull R serialize(final @NotNull I component);
 
   /**
@@ -113,6 +115,7 @@ public interface ComponentSerializer<I extends Component, O extends Component, R
    * @return the output if {@code component} is non-null, otherwise {@code null}
    * @since 4.7.0
    */
+  @Override
   @Contract(value = "!null -> !null; null -> null", pure = true)
   default @Nullable R serializeOrNull(final @Nullable I component) {
     return this.serializeOr(component, null);
@@ -128,6 +131,7 @@ public interface ComponentSerializer<I extends Component, O extends Component, R
    * @return the output if {@code component} is non-null, otherwise {@code fallback}
    * @since 4.7.0
    */
+  @Override
   @Contract(value = "!null, _ -> !null; null, _ -> param2", pure = true)
   default @Nullable R serializeOr(final @Nullable I component, final @Nullable R fallback) {
     if (component == null) return fallback;